Second Wave of Imperialism
Terms
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- Alfred Mahan
- stated that the greatest countries needed the greatest navies (used Napoleon's failure as an example)
- Admiral Perry
- landed in Japan in 1856 and forced them to open up to the world or go to war with the US
- Nationalism
- expansion in Africa and Asia and people of a nation "demanded equality" to other states
- Cape Town-Cairo Railroad
- British jealous of America's transcontinental raliroad, so create this in Africa
- population outlet and natural resources
- reasons why Japan needed an empire
- Cecil Rhodes
- made a fortune on diamond and gold monopolies in South Africa, was fired for trying to overthrow the Boer government without British permission
- Sepoy Rebellion
- in 1858, changed the ruler of British India from the British East India company to Queen Victoria
- Leopold II
- leader of Belgium who claimed the Congo river valley in 1880 for its rubber
- Great Trek
- trip the Boers took because they did not like British rule, it established Transvaal and the Orange Free State
- Republic of South Africa
- established in 1910 at the end of the Boer war that was a self-governing dominion in the British empire
- prevent rise of French power and negotiate with Britain
- German Interests in Africa
- Berlin Conference (1884-1885)
- established Congo Free State under Leopold II's rule, agreed to divide Africa between the major European powers (modern borders), meant to prevent war but really cause post-modern problems
- Cecil Rhodes
- caused the Boer war
- Suez Canal
- caused Egypt to become a protectorate of Britain because it was their lifeline to India
- Meiji Restoration
- when Japanese began to modernize
- Spheres of Influence
- created in China (type of imperialism about economics)
- Japan
- Who opposed the "open door" policy?
- White Man's Burden
- "moral justification", Europeans believed it was their duty to bring industrialization and Christianity to the World, "Social Darwinism"
- Opium wars
- the Qing Dynasty reufsed to allow for the British merchants to trade opium causing this trade war, ended with China having to sign a series of unequal treaties
- nationalism, economics and industrialization, militarism, white man's burden
- causes of the second wave of imperialism
- Zulu and Xhosa people
- both African tribes that were exploited by the British and Boers
- Open Door Policy
- US attempt to prevent conflicts in China, this made China lose its soveriengty
- Militarism
- need for new naval ports, control over the Suez canal, dominance over the seas
- Economics and Industrialization
- Need for new natural resources, new markets, and mercant ports (Hawaii)