History, Section 5

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Holy book of the Muslims: Koran
Muhammad had the _______ in the __________ destroyed: statues in the Kaaba
Contains some writings that are also in the Bible: Koran
Muhammad announced that the ______ ______ was ______ and that Mecca was still a holy city: black stone was sacred
Journey to Medina was called the _____: Hegina or Hijira
Hegina or Hijira means: "flight"
The year marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar: The Hijira or Hegina
In _______, many began to follow his teachings: Medina, Muhammad's
In AD 630, Muhammad took control of _____: Mecca
They were organized into tribes: Arabs
Each tribe had a chieftain called a _____: sheik
Most ____ worshipped many gods: Arabs
______ was considered a holy city: Mecca
In Mecca, there was a shrine called the ______- it contained a black stone which the Arabs considered holy: Kaaba
The Kaaba contained _______ of _____ _____: statues of Arab gods
Many _____ visited the _____ to worship and pray: Arabs visited the Kaaba
Born in Mecca (located in present day Saudi Arabia) about AD 579: Muhammad
At age 40 he said he was told by an angel that there was only one God adn that he was to be Allah's prophet: Muhammad
Muhammad began preaching-his religion was later known as ______: Islam
means "submission to the will of Allah": Islam
His follows were called ___________ or _______: Muslims or Moslems
Why did the leaders of Mecca oppose him?: They feared his preaching would decrease the number of people who visited the Kaaba
What was another reason the businessmen in Mecca feared Muhammed's teachings?: They feared he was gaining too much power
Who threatened to kill Mohammed?: The businessmen of Mecca
____________ and some followers left ______ and settled in the city of _________: Muhammad left Mecca and settled in the city of Medina
A group that lived in the Middle East: Arabs
Most were nomads: Arabs
More radical: Shiites
Today Muslim _________ or _________ (some Sunnites and Shiites have numerous terrorists groups including: 1. Islamic Jihad
2. Homas
3. Al Quaida
4. Hez Bollah
When an area was conquered, non-Muslims were given three choices: 1.Become a Muslim
Name three choices non Muslims faced: 1. become a muslim
2. pay heavy taxes (were allowed to follow own religion, did not have as many rights as Muslims)
3. Die
Two main groups of Muslims developed and still exist today: The Sunnites and the Shiites
Vast majority of today's Muslims are ______: Sunnites
The _____ forbids gambling, eating pork and drinking wine: Koran
The Koran forbids eating ______, drinking _____ and ______: pork wine and gambling
Muslims do not believe that ______ was a god: Muhammad
Five Pillars of Islam: 1. Believe that there is only one God
2.Pray 5 times a day
3. Give alms
4. Fast for Ramadan
5. Take a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once
Muslims believe ___________ was a ____________: Muhammad was a prophet
They believe Muhammad was the ______ and _______ __________: last and greatest prophet
Jesus is considered to be __________ by muslims, however they do not believe he was _____: a prophet, he was not divine
Muslim place of worship is called a ______: mosque
Each leader of Islam after Muhammad's death was called a ________: caliph
Caliph means: "successor"
Fighting among Muslims occurred concerning who would be the next caliph-and some of the early: caliphs were murdered
Muslim armies conquered large areas in the ________ _____, _____ _______ and ______: Middle East, North Africa and Spain
This fighting was called _______ or ____ _____: jihad or holy war
Muslims believed those who died in battle would immediately fo to ____________ and _________ ______ _______ ______: Paradise and recieve great rewards there
Vast majority of today's Arabs are ______: Muslims
Civil service examinations-in order to work for the Chinese government a person had: to pass these tests
Printing-invented AD 600, previously all items had to be copied: by hand
Invented AD 1000: Gunpowder
Name two inventions of the Chinese: Gunpowder and printing
Mongols during the Middle Ages conquered most of ____ including _______,______ and ______: Asia including Russia, India and China
The Mongols were: Excellent horsemen
The Mongols were known for their: brutality
The Mongols carried ___ _______: few supplies
The Mongols could ______ at unbelievable _____: travel at unbelievable speed
The Mongols sometimes slaughtered _____ cities of________: whole cities of people
The Mongols could travel at ______ _____: unbelievable speed
Ruler was called "______" which meant _______ or ________: Khan, which meant ruler or emperor
The Mongol's most famous emperors were ________ ______ and ____________ _____: Ghengis Khan and Kublai Khan
First person to unite the warring tribes: Ghengis Khan
Formed a huge army: Ghengis Khan
Lived 1216-1227, Grandson of Genghis Khan: Kublai Khan
Ruled all of China: Kublai Khan
Made Beijing, China one of the world's most magnificent cities: Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan's empire was visited by an Italian merchant named: Marco Polo
Spent many years in China: Marco Polo
Later he wrote a book about his visits: Marco Polo
Until _____'s trip Europeans knew little about ___: Polo's, China
Japanese believed the emperor was a descendant of the __ _____________: sun goddess
Japanese believed emperors were _______ even until the ________ ___________: divine, even until the twentieth century
Oldest religion in Japan: Shinto
This religion that is exclusive in Japan is polytheistic: Shinto
Gods were called "______": kami
________ is a form of ________ _________, the gods and spirits were believed to be everywhere in nature: Shinto is a form of nature worship
This Japanese religion has not spread to other countries: Shinto
____________ and _______________ later became popular in Japan: Buddhism and Confucianism
Some Japanese practice more that one of these three religions: Buddhism, Shintoism, Confucianism
Early Japan was divided into ______: clans
Early Japan was dvided into clans (similar to tribes: groups of related families
Emperor was a _____________, the real power was held by _ ___ ______: figurehead, the real power was held by clan leaders
Title of Japan's supreme military commander (top general) was a ______________: shogun
The ________ was supposed to be under the emperor's control, bu the ______ actually had more power: shogun
Soldiers similar to European knishts during the Midle Ages: Samurai
Only they were permitted to carry swords: Samurai
Code of conduct samurai had to follow: Bushido
If they failed to follow Bushido, they were expected to commit a ritual suicide called _______ or ______: seppuku or hara-kiri
___________ _______ twice sent invading forces of Mongols to try to capture Japan: Kublai Khan
In the second attempt, many of the Mongol ships were destroyed by a _______: tyhpoon
The Japanese called the typhoon the ___________ or "_________ ______": Kamikaze or divine wind
Japanese pilots during World War Two who deliberately crashed into ships were called ___________ ____: kamikaze pilots
The first people to settle in North, Central and South America probably came from Asia across teh ________ ______ (off the coast of present-day Alaska_: Bering Strait
The first people to settle in North, Central and South America were later called: Indians
Name three advanced Indian civilization: 1. Mayas
2. Aztecs
3. Incas
Settled on the Yucatan Peninsula ( in present day Mexico) and in nearby areas of central America: Mayas
Lived in central Mexico, capital city located on the site of present day Mexico City, offered human sacrifices to please their gods.: Aztecs
lived in the andes mountains of south america: incas

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