Chapter 3 Social Studies
Terms
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- Johannes Gutenberg
- invented a new way to print books that was easier and less costly
- company
- a business
- astrolabe
- an instrument formerly used to calculate one's position compared to the sun, moon, and stars
- city-state
- a city and the surrounding area that stands as an independent state
- treaty
- an agreement between nations about peace, trade, or other matters
- Turks
- The _______ closed the trade routes to Asia. There was no way for Europeans to get Asian goods
- isthmus
- a narrow strip of land that connects two larger land areas
- Christopher Columbus
- sailed west from Spain to find a new route to Asia
- caravel
- a ship that used square or triangular sails to travel long distances swiftly
- demarcation
- a line that marks a boundary
- Hernando DeSoto
- reached the banks of the Mississippi River in 1541. They were the first Europeans to see the great river.
- cartographer
- a person who make maps
- monarch
- a king or queen
- renaissance
- a french word meaning "rebirth" used to name a time of advanced in thought, learning, art, and science
- Henry Hudson
- clained the Hudson River Valley for the Dutch.
- rapid
- the fast moving, dangerous place in a river caused by a sudden drop in elevation
- Northwest Passage
- a waterway in North America thought to connect the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
- desertion
- leaving one's duties, such as military service, without permission
- Marco Polo
- At the age of 17, _____________, his father, and his uncle, set out to explore Asia. They traveled to the Indies and to China
- conquistador
- any of the spanish conquerors in the Americas during the early 1500's
- Prince Henry
- set up a school for training sailors in navigation. He was sometimes called "the explorer who stayed at home". He organized more than 50 voyages, but he did not go on any of them
- expedition
- a journey
- Juan Ponce de Leon
- discovered Florida while looking for the Bimini and the Fountain of Youth
- mutiny
- rebellion against the leader of one's group
- navigation
- the method of planning and controlling the course of a ship
- Motecuhzoma
- tried to stop his people from fighting Cortes's forces
- grant
- a sum of money or other payment given for a particular purpose
- August 3, 1492
- Columbus and his crew set sail on three ships - the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria
- estuary
- the wide mouth of a river where ocean tides flow in
- profit
- the money left over after all expences have been paid
- claim
- to declare that a person or a country own something
- encounter
- a meeting
- empire
- the conquered lands of many people and placed governed by one ruler
- Ahmad Ibd Majid
- helped Vasco da Gama sail around the Cape of Good Hope and on to India
- Northwest Passage
- European explorers searched for a _________ __________ to find a route to Asia
- copass
- an instrument used to find direction
- Ferdinand Magellan
- named the Pacific Ocean. He gave it the name Pacific, which means "peaceful", because it seemed so still and quiet compared to the Atlantic. Magellan was the first to sail aound the world.
- Indians
- The __________ were unhappy with Aztec rule, so they helped Cortes fight the Aztecs.
- Incas
- The _________ of South America ruled one of the largest and richest empires