Modern Civ Ch 10
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Yuri Andropov
- played a dark role in Soviet politics as mastermind of the KGB through the 70's and early 80's; appeared ready to make sweeping changes in the S.U. first secretary of the Communist Party;
- Willy Brandt
- instituted Ostpolitik which created small but important bridge between East and West;
- Leonid Brezhnev
- ruled S.u. as President and First Secretary of the Communist Party in early 70's; steered course between that of Stalin and Khrushchev; died in 1982
- Nicolae Ceaucescu
- executed on television with his wife after government efforts to hodl on to power in Romania led to considerable bloodshed; harsh ruler
- Jacques Chirac
- Mitterand had to share power with this Guallist as Prime minister; reflected the new rightist majority in the National Assembly
- Alexander Dubcek
- replaced Novotny as first secretary; Slovak and leader of the moderate reform impulse; decentralized the economy, increased the emphasis on consumer goods, and established more trade with the West; heroic figure of the “Prague Springâ€; helped in the “Velvet Revolutionâ€; died in 1992 in a car accident
- Mikhail Gorbachev
- sponsored by Andropov; a communist who saw the need for far-reaching changes; advancced glasnost (openess) perestroika (reformation) and new thinking; censorship abandoned
- Che Guevara
- Cuban Revolutionary who called for worldwide revolutionary movement
- Vaclav Havel
- Czechoslovake center of political gravity in Magic Lantern Theatre where he and other activists montored abuses of human rights and moved against the government in 1989;
- Erich Honecker
- replaced Walter Ulbricht in 1970; gave East Germany bread and circus
- Gustav Husak
- ran an orthodox communist S.U. in 1969 in Czechoslovakia
- Helmut Kohl
- European leader who had good relation with Margaret Thatcher;
- Alexi Kosygin
- ruled with Brezhnev as premier in the early 70's;
- Jean-Marie Le Pen
- decline of Communist Party reflected in growht of his Front National, a political movement based on racism, chauvism, and the far-right French politics;
- Francois Mitterand
- leader of the leftist coalition of socialists and communists in France in 1965; forced de Gaulled into a run-off and lost;
- Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- first major protest by the German Socialist student Federation directed against this Shah fo Iran during his visit to West Berlin;
- Georges Pompidou
- the capable premier of France in 1968
- Ronald Reagan
- 211, 217 most closely identified with a government willing to reduce controls and regulations that could hlep create a climate favorable to business; summit with Gorbachev at Reykjavik in 1986;
- Andrei Sakharov
- an eminent Russian physicist and father of the Russian H-bomb; important because of his work with the Committee for Human Rights
- Helmut Schmidt
- 213, 214 the successor to Willy Brandt; governed West Germany well in 70's and early 80's; successfully weathered the challenges of the Red Army Fraction and the economic downturns;
- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
- dissident who wrote One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich; not allowed to publish in 60's and not permitted to accept the Nobel Prize for literature in 1970; deported out of S.U. in 1974;
- Axel Springer
- focus of SDS attacks were his publication empire regarded as the pillar of conservatism or even counterrevolution;
- Margaret Thatcher
- Transformed the Conservative Party and Great Britain as prime minister; “Iron Ladyâ€; privatzed nationalized industries
- Walter Ulbricht
- replaced by Honecker in 1970
- Lech Walesa
- led the strikes in Russia; an electrician at the shipyards
- Karol Cardinal Wojtyla
- Pope John Paul II, 1978; Polish
- Brezhnev Doctrine
- stated that socialist countries had an obligation to come to the aid of other socialist countries threatned by counter-revolutionary forces
- Front National
- a racist chauvinistic and far-right French poltiical movment led by Le Pen
- German Socialist Student Federation (SDS)
- protested against the established system in Germany; against Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and Axel Springer;
- glasnost
- Gorbachev’s policy of openness
- “Gorby Maniaâ€
- Gorbachev was enormously popular in the West
- Greens
- an outgrowth if the Extra-Parliamentary Opposition of the late 60's; interested primarily in environmentalism
- “Night of the Barricadesâ€
- the night when in Franch a million people demonstrated
- OPEC
- lacked influence until the Arab members of the oprganization persuaded the other members to impose eoil embargo on Israel in 1973 war;
- Ostpolitik
- instituted b y Willy Brandt and created small bridge between East and dWest;
- perestroika
- Gorbachev’s policy of reformation
- Prague Spring
- political reform effort that initally appeared in the communist party owed its existence to a kind of renaissance; but began to get out of hand;
- “privatizationâ€
- Margaret Thatcher’s component of nationalized industries;
- Red Brigades
- one of the best known terrorist groups in 60's
- Red Army Fraction
- other terrorist group
- “socialism with a human face â€
- Czech communists tried to do this; under Husak unstead of Dubcek; didn’t work
- Solidarity
- grew out of 1970's politics; led by Walesa; unofiically tolerated by Polish government
- “stagflationâ€
- described the situation in West Europe in 60's; inflation meant high prices and interest rates, a recession meant uemployment
- Stasi
- the Ministry of State Security who administered an system of surveillance and repression in East Germany
- Thatcherism
- privatization, reduction fo inflation, and weakening of trade union power
- Velvet Revolution
- Revolution in 1989 in Czechoslovakia;
- welfare state
- deep root in Germany and Great Britain; modern prototype was Sweden; British system became synonymkous with welfare state difference in who paid for services
- Yom Kippur War
- 1973 between Arab states and Israel; provided context for the first oil price shock;