CPS
Terms
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- Multi-state decision-making
- 1. intergovernmental 2. supranational 3. multi-level governance
- Intergovernmental
- e.g. European Council -- decision-making power held by member state governments
- Supranational
- decision-making power transferred to authority broader than member state governments e.g. European Commission
- Multi-level Governance
- Covers gray area between supranational and intergovernmental
- Dependency Theory
- center-periphery relationship exporting natural resources, importing manufactured goods -- unsustainable economy
- Cosmopolitan Culture
- common to all over the world -- shared set of values
- Washington Consensus
- "What Washington means by policy reform" -- guidelines to LA on suggested "areas of agreement"
- Policy prescriptions of Washington Consensus
- 1. macroeconomic discipline 2. market system 3. openness
- Path dependence
- Policies at one point impact policies at a later point
- Interpretations of path dependence
- 1. lock in effect 2. path dependence in perspective 3. positive feedbacks
- Policy Transfer
- debated across national/sectoral policy learning
- Policy Diffusion
- deliberated across all possible channels of influence between countries
- Welfare Regimes
- 1. Conservative 2. Liberal 3. Social Democratic
- Varieties of Capitalism
- 1. Liberal Market Economy 2. Coordinated Market Economy
- Flexicurity
- Characterized by: 1. liberal employment protection guarantees 2. generous employment compensation 3. active labor market policies
- Theoretical approaches to welfare states
- 1. functionalist approach 2. class mobilization approach 3. institutionalist approach
- Functionalist Approach
- Answer to problems created by capitalism: new risks of industrialization; vanishing of traditional means of subsistence/mutual assistance
- Class Mobilization Approach
- Welfare state is outcome of struggle between social classes and political organizations; aims to decommodify labor
- Institutionalist Approach
- welfare state = compensation to workers for lack of participatory rights.
- Expansion of welfare state:
- 1. impact of social democracy 2. impact of neo-corporatism 3. risk redistribution 4. Christian democracy 5. secular trends
- Typology of welfare states:
- 1.Scandinavian social democratic 2. Anglo-Saxon liberal 3. Continental conservative
- Challenges to welfare states:
- 1. recommodification 2. cost containment 3. recalibration
- Conceptual Models of Policymaking
- 1. Institutional model 2. Rational model 3. Incremental model 4. Group model 5. elite model
- Institutional model
- -institutions determine public policies -implemented by executive and legislative
- Rational Model
- - how can "optimal" policy be reached? -assumption of rational actors -Bayesian learning
- Incremental Model
- - concept of "bounded rationality" -
- Group Model
- - public policies are result of equilibrium in interest group struggles
- Elite Model
- - policymaking determined by preferences of governing elites
- Policy Cycle
- 1. agenda setting 2. policy formulation 3. policy adoption 4. policy implementation 5. evaluation
- Cognitive frame
- Schemes through which actors view and frame the world
- Normative frame
- values and attitudes that influence actors' views
- Internationalization
- 1. harmonization 2. transnational communication 3. imposition 4. regulatory competition