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European History Chapter 12, Section 1

Terms

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an aggresive expansion by European countries to colonize nations in Africa and Asia
new imperialism
when a country sends their own officials and soldiers over to rule the colony; done by France
direct rule
when a country uses local rulers to govern the colonies; done by England
indirect rule
domination by one country of the policial, economic, or cultural life of another country or region
imperialism
local rulers were left in place but expected to follow European advisors
protectorate
the outside power claims exclusive investment and trading priveleges
sphere of influence
Describe three causes of the new imperialism.
- economic interests brought about by the Industrial Revolution
- political nationalism
- humanitarian reasons
What were three reasons for the success of western imperialism?
- weakness of nonwestern states
- strong European economies
- powerful European armies
How did people oppose new imperialism?
some used physical resistance, while some formed protesting groups in the European countries
Describe three different forms of imperial rule.
1. direct or indirect colonial rule - military and govt officials placed by other country
2. protectorate - local rulers advised by other country
3. sphere of influence - other country claims exclusive rights of trading and investment
Explain why Lugard thought that it was necessary for Britain to pursue a policy of imperialism in Africa.
He knew that Britain needed support for its fast growing population.
Western colonial officials and missionaries thought they had a duty to spread the "blessings of western civilization" to their "little brothers" in Africa and Asia. How was this a biased viewpoint?
They assume that 1) Western civilization is full of things that are inherently good and 2) that nations in Africa or Asia needed help.

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