History Test: 3 Term 2
Terms
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- Reasons for international play
- 1) economy/ big buisness was growing and raw materials were needed and a larger market to sell them on 2) they also wanted to spread ideals of America (democracy)
- #1 historian and what he said
- Frederick Jackson Turner. he fave a speach in which he said the US frontier expansion is over
- Manifest Destiny
- blieved it couldnt be over. they thought they could reach farther for more land
- the influence of seapower
- Alfred Mahan. he studied navel history and discovers any empire in history they had a strong navy. If the US wants to be a major power they must have a big navy
- Issue in Venezuela
- British Guiana and Venezuela have a problem. Each believe that they own more land than they actually have. It was going to be a peaceful resolution except they found gold in the area
- America deals with the issue in venezuela
- Cleveland takes a tough stand against colonization(against britian) He relies on the monroe doctrine as his backup.
- Monroe Doctrine
- Europe will not get involved in the western hemosphere
- Britians resonse to clevland
- we are not going to listen. they are pretty confident because they have the best navy and therefore not worried.
- why peace comes
- boar war distracts british but british get mostly what they want in the end
- Hawaii
- is annexed(territory) and the people are gven full us citizenship
- Cuba (original interest)
- southerners thoguth it was a good place to expand slavery before the civil war
- Who had influence in cuba
- spain
- Reasons why we go to war with spainish
- 1) cubas reaction to wanting independence 2) Deputy delowne 3) the explosion of the Main
- Cuban want independence
- (1890's) they dont get it. General Weyler is sent to crush all those who want freedom. he used concentration camps. est. over 50,000 cubans were kissed in them. US politians were upset by this.
- yellow journalism
- people exagerated how bad it was in cuba inoder to sell newspapers
- Deputy Delowne
- minster to spain to the US. He writes a letter to spain and said what the americans were saying. he says that Mckinley is a bozo so dont be intimidated. the letter was leaked. Speain had the chance to appologize and recall delone but they did niether.
- Explotion of Maine
- sitting in havanna harbor. it was there as a protective home to american citizen. also showing that US is present. The spain inspect and say it was an accident while the Americans say it was a mine. It killed over 200 officers. Navy said there was no attack but the Americans spun it different.
- What does Mckinley do
- ultimatum. but it is do late and he is finally foreced to cave it. Congress said you cannot let theose men die in vian. Declares war in 1898
- Teller Amendment
- Congess' message to the world and US that they will give Cuva its independence because we are not going to annex it. we are there to free them from spain rule.
- The War
- the spainish think they are in good position. Before spain tried to settle things but congress said sorry we have to avenge the Maine. but they believe their navy can hold up against ours
- Roosevelt's response
- assissant secretary of navy. He makes an executive decision. He wires a commander named George Dewey in Hong Kong and told him to bring his troops over.
- McKinleys thoughts on Roosevelts move
- he thought it was ok and told Dewy to fire on the Minila Bay and the Spainish Fleet is destroyed
- who was ahead of opperations in Cuba
- William shafter
- issue in Cuba
- troops were ilequipt (wool uniforms in 100 degree weather) and disease got US troops (5000 die from bacteria or other causes) only 400 die in action
- Rough Riders
- They wer a voulenteer group (recruited by Roosevelt). Colonel Lenard Wood
- where do they attack
- San Juan Hill in cuba against the spanish
- why did americans have the edge
- they were so close by
- Help in the philopeans
- philopeano wansed spanish to leave also. Aguanolda was head of rebel fighters. this was a plus for the US.
- problem after war
- Philopeanos want americans to lave now. but they dont because they thought it would amke a good port. They fight a bloody vicious war. we start reconstruction camps. Aguganoldo is captured and rebellon is killed slowly
- Treaty in france
- spanish have to give up Cuba, Guam, Puerto rico and philipeans but the spanish were not ready to yet to give up philipeans. AMericans say if you give it up we will give 20 millon dollars. They take it
- Issue
- it must be approved by 2/3 of congress to be official
- Anti imperialist league
- those against Mckinley who dont want treaty to go through. they try to convince senate not to agree to it.
- Foracker act
- in puerto rico. all puerto ricans are given us citezenship as us territory and will have limited government
- Platt amendment
- cubans said we will control our lives but we wont get into debt with Europeans and we allow marines to come in if they need to (if there is unrest).. we later guy guiantanamo bay prison from cuba
- What to do with the Philipeans
- Mkinley creates the Philipeans commission
- philipeans commisson
- group led by Taft to decide and advise what to do with philipeans
- Taft
- 1st gov of philipeans as terretory. he did say what would work for the people while keeping the territory.
- suggesstion made by philipeans commission
- internal improvments.. infrastructure. US goes along with it. Millons go into it.
- Chinchina
- feeling picked on because other countries were there
- secretary of state
- John hay
- Open door policy created by hay
- it would allow US to make head way in china without stepping on peoples fight. It said 1) you must recognize chinese rights 2) to avoid a possible war we should have an open door( no exclusive boss in china) Russia was the only one who did not sign it
- Boxer Rebellon
- Bejin... Super patriodic chinese who want countries to leave. In response the big powers form an army to crush the rebellion.. we contrivute 2,500 out of 18,000
- punishment for chinese
- have to pay 333 million. US gets 24.5 millon. we said this unfair and return some money to them (18 million). Chinese people setup fun to send them to US to be educated. Result: westernization in China
- 1900 Presidential election
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democract Bryant: on the campigne of anti imperealism. however he needed the treaty to be signed. he will be called a hypocrite but he will say that it is because he wanted troops to stop dying
Mckinley runes with Roosevelt whom new york wanted to get rid of. Mckinley wins - Sept
- Mckinley is shot and Roosvelt becomes president at 42 years old. Ny booses shutter
- Roosevelt
- born in well off family in NY state. you think it would be someone who would stay in his comfort zone but he through it off and helped the lower class. "we can do better"
- Bully-pulpit
- what roosevelt called the white house. he says there is no reason that you should retreat into white house. you have the opportunity to change things. use your power for the great good. he did big things and was outspoken
- reason for the panama canal
- so you could get from the east coast to the west coast (make a short cut).
- who was working on it and where
- the british, french, and americans. The US thought about nicoragua. The french thought of panama, columba. Plans were made by vunau-borilla. Roosevelt offeres him 40 million for the plan and he agrees because the plans werent moving forward because they couldnt get the Okay from the columbians
- Treaty for columbians
- 1) one time payment of 10 million 2) anual 250 a year in perpituity In exchange they are given 6 mile wide strip of land.
- Reaction of columbians
- they wanted to hold out a little longer in order to hopefully get more money..
- Roosevelts reaction
- he gets mad and calls them degos. End result is they will go the hard way
- Rebellion
- the panama people rise up for independence (supported by US). When columbia goes to crush it the US military is there at the border to say not to go in. panama people declare independence and US recognizes it. Philip immerges as the panama leader. the canal is immediatly agreed to (40 millon given to panama)
- created with completling the conal
- Coneral George Washington Goethals
- credited with keeping the canal zone healthy
- Coneral William Gorgas created ditches which attracted mosquitos and away from
- 1914
- project finishes for 400 million dollars
- Roosevelt's colerary to the monroe doctrine
- a lot of latin american countries were becoming in debt to europe. it gave an excuse for them to go in.l America steps us and says we will intervene. if they owe money than we will help pay you back or pay you back and have them pay us back. we wont allow you to come over. consequences for those that do.
- Slogan for Roosevelts policy
- Speak softly and carry a big stick (in reference to colerary). In the western Hemosphere the US will be highly involved
- Russia and Japan.. fighting
- Roosevelt stepped in to mediate to come to peaceful resoultion (russia was struggling and wanted help). Both are a little upset but it ends peacefully. Rososevelt wins nobel peace prize for it.
- Gentlemans agreement
- schools wanted to Japanese and other asians. Japenses gets mad. bord goes to DC and Roosevelt gets him to agree that they will stop the flow of japanse laboers to american mainland by witholding passports Japanese laborers if the bord repeals the speration of Japense and others in school.
- The Great White Fleet
- Roosevelt sents the entire battleship fleet on a highly visible boyage around the world.. They were recieved warmly by the japanese.
- Root-Takahira agreement
- the us and the japanese pledged to respect eachothers territorial possessions in the pacific and to uphold the open door in china.