Oceanorgraphy 2003
Terms
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- Igneous rocks
- Form from the cooling of the magma; consisting of Basalt(from Oceanic crust) and Granite(from Continental crust.)
- Strabo
- First to determine that the earth's surface moved by observing volcanoes.
- What is the Outer core made of?
- Liquid iron.
- What is the Inner core made of?
- Solid iron
- Chronometer
- First time keeping instrument created by Cook.
- Bejamin Franklin
- Discovered that wind patterns can cut time of traveling ships by using the wind currents.
- Matthew Maury
- "Father" of Oceanography
- Eukaryotic cells
- Single or multi-celled organisms containing a cell membrane, plasma, nucleus, and unique organelles.
- Prokaryotic cells
- single-celled organisms containing only a cell membrane, plasma, and a DNA region
- What is the crust?
- The thin portion floating on mantle fluidity.
- Pacific Islanders
- Master Seamen! First to travel the ocean while Europeans still believed the world was flat.
- Sedimentary rocks
- Rocks made from other rocks or marine organisms.
- Relative Dating
- The use of rocks or soil to determine the age of fossils.
- Remote Sensing
- Technological advancement where satellites are used to map the topography of the ocean by taking temperature readings at various depths and current movements.
- Scientific benefit of WWI
- RADAR-echo location first descovered by U-boats and scattering layers.
- What is the Earth composed of?
- Inner core; Outer core; Mantle; and Crust
- Metamorphic rocks
- Rocks formed at the Earth's crust in mountains where magma is at surface; result from transformation at high temperature and pressure.
- Erathosthenes
- First to determine the earth's circumference. rXt=d
- Herodotus
- First map-maker
- What is the Mantle?
- A jello type layer of the earth that lies between the crust and the core.
- Pytheas
- First to use latitude and nautical instruments by refrencing to the moon and sun.
- Heterotrophs
- Feed on others i.e. bacteria
- Oceanic Crust
- More dense, thinner, younger, lies underneath the continental crust.
- Vine and Matthews
- Proved that mantle was excreting from the rifts.
- Who created the compass?
- The Chinese
- Middle Ages
- Most information was lost in chaos provided by Ceasar.
- Ptolemy
- First to make a map with the use of longitude(N to S) and latitude(E to W). Only had 3 continents: Africa, Asia, and Europe.
- Continental Drift Theory
- Developed by Wegener saying that all the continents fit perfectly into each other. Pangea..one large land mass and one large body of water.
- Columbus
- First to "find" N. America in 1492; really found the Carribeans.
- Vikings
- Sailed to N. America as a ray of light in the dark world. Eric the Red and Leif Eriksson.
- De Gama
- First to go completely around Arfica which helped trade incredibly.
- Copernicus and Galileo
- Developed theories on planets and bodies in motion.
- Diaz
- First to reach the tip of Africa.
- Magellan
- Fisrt for circumnavigate the globe except he died on board and they kept him til the end!
- What is the Big Bang Theory?
- A theory that states that our universe originated approximately 20 billion years ago from a huge explosion; from a really small amount of matter at extreme high density and temperature.
- Newton and Leibnitz
- Created calculus.
- Da Vinci
- Brought perspective of the water level changing due to his discovery of shells far on land.
- Continental Crust
- Less dense but thicker and lies above the oceanic crust.
- Boyle
- First to work of seawater chemistry.
- Autotrophs
- Self-feeders i.e. plants, bacteria
- Coriolus
-
Described pathways of motion on the surface of a rotating sphere.
- Absolute Dating
- The use of radioactive isotopes, that decay at predictable rates within organisms, soils, and fossils, to determine age.
- Hess
- Developed plate tectonics
- Cell Theory
- All cells come from other cells.
- Linnaeus
- Came up with the biological naming process that can be understood universally.
- Submersibles
- ROV(remote operated vehicles)-attatched to a mothership; AUV(autonomous underwater vehicles)-not attatched to a mothership.