Cultural Geography Final
Terms
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- How much of China\'s land area is arable?
- Only 11%
- What percentage of China\'s workforce is engaged in agricultural production?
- 75%
- What is the dominate ethnic group in China?
- The Han-Chinese. 92%
- Official language of China?
- Mandarin
- What type of language is Chinese?
- Pictographic
- What are the two systems of translations of the Chinese language?
- Wade-Giles and Pin-Yin
- Significant Chinese contributions?
- Silk. Paper. Gunpowder. Printing. Compass. Wheelbarrow.
- Where did the Chinese stop the Muslim invasion?
- The Talus River.
- Who is responsible for bringing knowledge of paper from China to Europe?
- Muslim P.O.W.s
- What is the first known Chinese dynasty?
- The Shang Dynasty. 1766 BC
- Where was the Shang Dynasty located?
- Along the banks of the Hwang He River (The Yellow River)
- Who was the leader of the Qin Dynasty?
- Shih Huang Ti
- What was Shih Huang Ti\'s greatest accomplishment?
- The Great Wall of China
- What did Shih Huang Ti have buried with him?
- The great Terra-Cotta Army
- Which dynasty began building the Grand Canal?
- The Sui Dynasty
- What did the Chinese call China?
- Zhong Guo
- What does the Chinese phrase \"Zhong Guo\" stand for?
- The Middle Kingdom
- When did Europeans begin to show up in China?
- The 1500\'s
- Who were the first Europeans to arrive in China?
- The Portuguese in 1514
- Which European country had greatest impact on China?
- Great Britain
- When did the British arrive in China?
- 1635 A.D.
- What was the most important British import into China?
- Opium
- What city was China forced to relinquish to the British following the Opium Wars?
- Hong-Kong
- Which European country took control of the Shangtung Peninsula?
- Germany
- Sun Yat-Sen formed which political party in China?
- The Guomindang
- Who was the creator of the Guomindang political party?
- Sun Yat-Sen
- What was the goal of the Guomindang political party?
- To bring a democratic government to China
- Who opposed the Guomindang in the Chinese Civil War?
- The Communist Party
- Who led the Guomindang in the Civil War?
- Chiang Kai-Shek
- Who led the Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War?
- Mao Tse-Tung
- Where do the Guomindang Nationalist flee to following the Civil War?
- Taiwan
- What was Mao\'s \"Cultural Revolution\"?
- The \"Red Guards\" attempt permanent class warfare
- When did China join the U.N.?
- 1971
- Who takes over China following Mao\'s death in 1976?
- Deng Xiaoping
- Because of Xiaoping, how can today\'s China be classified?
- A mix of totalitarianism, socialism, and capitalism
- When did the population of India reach 1 Billion?
- 1999
- When had the Indus Valley Civilization become developed?
- By 2500 B.C.
- Civilization began in India around when?
- 4500 B.C.
- What was the language of ancient India?
- Sanskrit
- Sanskrit is the parent tongue of what type of languages?
- Indo-European
- What are the two official languages of India?
- Hindi and English
- What is a \"Cultural Hearth\"?
- A generating region of cultural origins
- What is the oldest faith that originated in India?
- Hinduism
- How much older is Hinduism than Christianity?
- About 2000 years older
- What percentage of India follows Hinduism?
- Around 80%, 800 Million Hindus in India
- Who brought the basic concepts of Hinduism to India?
- The Indo-Aryans
- What are the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism?
- The Vedas
- How many Vedas are there?
- 4
- What is the fundamental tenet of Hinduism?
- Reincarnation
- Higher forms of reincarnation in Hinduism?
- Cows and some types of Monkeys
- What must one obtain to reach a higher reincarnation in Hinduism?
- Good Karma
- State of complete spiritual knowledge in Hinduism?
- Nirvana
- Who are the three main gods of Hinduism?
- 1) Brahma 2) Vishnu 3) Shiva
- What is an \"Avatar\"?
- A reincarnation of a Hindu god.
- What is Brahma\'s role in Hinduism?
- The Creator
- What is Vishnu\'s role in Hinduism?
- The Preserver
- What is Shiva\'s role in Hinduism?
- The Destroyer
- Which god became the patron saint of a violent Hindu cult in 17th and 18th centuries?
- Kali, the Goddess of Death
- What was the name of violent, Kali worshiping Hindu cult?
- Thugee
- What Hindu scripture did the Hindu caste system evolve from?
- The Laws of Manu
- What were the Laws of Manu?
- Scripture which Hindu caste system evolved from
- What are the four main castes in Hindu society?
- 1)Brahmins 2)Kshatriyas 3)Vaisyas 4)Sudras
- In the Hindu caste system, who were the Brahmins?
- Priests and Scholars
- In the Hindu caste system, who were the Kshatriyas?
- Warriors
- In the Hindu caste system, who were the Vaisyas?
- Merchants
- In the Hindu caste system, who were the Sudras?
- Laborers
- What is the lowest caste of the Hindu caste system?
- The Harijans
- Who were the Harijans?
- The Untouchables
- Historically, what percentage of Hindu society have belonged to the top three social classes?
- Only 10%
- Varna is the Sanskrit word for what? And what does it mean?
- It is the word for caste, and means color.
- The second major faith to arrive in India was?
- Buddhism
- What countries did Buddhism mainly diffuse to?
- China, Tibet, Mongolia, and Japan
- What percent of the people in India are Buddhist?
- Only 1%
- Buddhism was founded around when?
- 530 B.C.
- What Hindu nobleman founded Buddhism?
- Siddhartha Gautama
- How many years did Siddhartha wonder northern India searching for spiritual truth?
- 6 Years
- How long did Siddhartha meditate for before reaching Nirvana?
- 7 Weeks
- What does \"The Buddha\" stand for?
- \"The Enlightened One\" or \"The Awakened One\"
- What Hindu noble founded Jainism?
- Mahavira
- What is strictly forbidden in Jainism?
- The taking of the life of anything with a soul.
- What social caste are Jainist very strong in?
- The Merchant Class
- How did a few Jainist protest the governments use of pesticides in the 1970s?
- By lightening themselves on fire.
- What percentage of India do the followers of Jainism account for?
- Only 1-2%
- When was Sikhism founded?
- The 16th century
- What is the youngest of India\'s indigenous faiths?
- Sikhism
- Who founded Sikhism?
- Guru Nanak
- What two religions does Sikhism blend?
- Hinduism & Islam
- How many Sikhs are there worldwide?
- Approximately 14 million
- Where are the majority of Sikhs located?
- In the Punjab province of Western India.
- What are the 5 elements of Sikhism?
- 1) A Sikh does not cut his hair or shave. 2)A Sikh always wears a comb 3)A Sikh always carries a dagger. 4)A Sikh always wears a bangle. 5)A Sikh always wears a certain type of underwear.
- What is the name of the independent state that the Sikhs wish to establish in Punjab?
- Khalistan
- What is Khalistan?
- The attempted independent Sikh state
- Which Prime Minister of India was assassinated by her Sikh body guards in 1984?
- Indira Gandhi
- What is the oldest civilization in the Middle East, and the world?
- The Sumerian civilization.
- Where did the Sumerian Civilization emerge from?
- Mesopatamia
- What does Mesopatamia mean?
- The Land Between Two Rivers
- When did the Sumerian Civilization emerge?
- 5500 years ago
- How long after the Sumerian Civilization did Ancient Egypt emerge?
- 400 Years Later
- What did Herodotus call Ancient Egypt?
- The Gift of the Nile
- Where did the three great Monotheistic faiths emerge from?
- The Arabian Peninsula
- Who is the prophet of Islam?
- Mohammed
- Where & when was Mohammed born?
- Mecca in 570 A.D.
- Where & when did Mohammed die?
- Medina in 632 A.D.
- What are the three \"Holy Cities\" of Islam?
- Mecca, Medina, & Jerusalem
- Where did Muslims face while praying prior to Mohammed\'s death?
- Jerusalem
- Where do Muslims believe Mohmammed ascended into Heaven from?
- Jerusalem
- What is the Holy Scripture of Islam?
- The Koran
- What does \"Muslim\" mean?
- One who submits
- What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
- 1) Profession of Faith. 2)Daily Prayer 3)Giving of Alms 4)Ramadan 5)Haj
- What is Ramadan?
- Month long fast
- When is Ramadan?
- The 9th month of the Muslim Calendar
- What is the Haj?
- Pilgramige to Mecca
- What are the two major sects of Islam?
- Sunni & Shiite
- What created various sects of the Muslim faith?
- The events following the death of Mohammed
- What is the \"Caliph\"?
- The secular and religious leader of Islam
- Who were the two leading candidates to be the first Caliph?
- Abu-Bekr and Ali
- Who do the Sunni accept to be the first Caliph?
- Abu-Bekr
- Who do the Shiite believe to be the first Caliph?
- Ali
- Which Caliph do the Sunnis accept Ali as?
- The fourth Caliph
- What population of Muslims are Sunni?
- 80%
- What population of Muslims are Shiite?
- 15%
- What is the most significant Islamic country that has a majority population of Shiite Muslims?
- Iran
- What does \"Jihad\" mean?
- Struggle or Holy War
- When did the Muslim world make enormous advancements in science and art?
- 750-1200 A.D.; The Dark Ages
- Most culturally advanced country in Europe during the Dark Ages was?
- Muslim Spain
- What was the most cosmopolitan city in Europe during the Dark Ages?
- Cordoba in Muslim Spain
- What did Muslim scholar, Ibn Sina accomplish?
- Wrote a medical treatise that was used for 400 years.
- What Muslim inventions made the \"Age of Discovery\" possible?
- The Sextant and perfection of the compass
- What notable achievement did Muslim mathematician, al-Khorezmi develop?
- The notion of the algorithm
- What was the first dynasty to lead China into a \"Golden Age\"?
- The Qin Dynasty.