Morosi Final
Terms
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- What is the difference between a fact and an opinion?
- A fact can be proved and an opinion cannot be proved and is what one person thinks of something.
- Ethnocentrism
- Judging someone by your standards (arranged marraiges)
- Bubonic
- Swelling of the lymphnoids, armpits,and groin
- Pneumonic and Septicemic
- Affecting the lungs and bacteria goes directly into blood stream
- The plague route
- China, Astrakhan, Don River, Sarai, Volga, Kaffa, Black Sea, Constantinaple, Mediterranian, Crete, Mediterranian, Sicily Messina, Mediterranian, Sardegina, Genoa, Kaffa
- Xenopsylla Cheopis
- Oriental rat flea (Cause of bubonic plague)
- Flagellants
- Men who thought that the plague was apunishment from god for sins that men had done. They did public penance and ceremonies that contained whipping themselves with hard knotted leather with little iron spikes and continue untill blood flowed.
- "Dance of Death"
- The dance of death is when anyone and everyone dances with death. Popes, Emperors, Nuns, Cooks, peaants, mothers, children, and even babies are made to dance with death.
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RENAISSANCE:
What years? - 1350-1650
- Characteristics of renaissance art
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psychological, religious, and political forces
also naturalism, organization of space - Where did the renaissance begin?
- Florence -> Rome -> Venice
- Patron
- supporter of the arts, finacial aid
- Johannes Gutenberg
- Inventor of the printing press
- Lorenzo Medici
- Italian statesman Member of the great ruling family of Florence
- Michelangelo
- Italian sculptor, architect, painter and poet but mainly a sculptor. Painted the ceiling Sistine chapel
- Peter Bruegel
- Artist who combined Italian technique with the artistic traditions of his homeland. Painted mostly landscapes and peasants
- Rembrandt
- HELP!!
- Jan van Eyck
- HELP!!
- William Shakespeare
- An english renaissance playwright dealt with such universal human qualities as jealousy, ambition, love, and despair
- El Greco
- Representation of late renaissance spanish art
- Machiavelli
- HELP!!
- Savonarola
- A frier that took over the medici power.
- Petrarch
- Italian humanist writer who introduced sonnets as a literary form
- Humanism
- Subject matter that focuses on human beings and live now and not the after life.
- Secularism
- Non-religious subject matter
- Perspective
- Giving depth to a painting
- Chiaroscuro
- Use of light and dark...in a dark painting there will be a light fiqure or the opposite
- Sfumato
- Smokey, or brown, over a painting (Leonardo di Vinci)
- Realism
- Making something look real
- Fresco
- Painting on wet plaster
- Piazza
- Village square
- Palazzo
- a palace
- Doge
- Title of a ruler of venice
- Christian Humanism (Erasmus- IN PRAISE OF FOLLY)
- Northern European scholars who wanted to reform Catholicism and restore the simple piety of the early Church
- Signori
- Title of noble familys of Italy
- Copernicus
-
15 century scientist
(geocentric v. heliocentric theories) - Galileo
- Astrologist
- Burgess, Burgher, Bourgeoisie
- Middle class people
- Romanesque
- Roman like
- Baroque
- gaurdy, exaggerate, gold, swirls
- Dante Alighieri- PARADISE/ PURGATORY/INFERNO
- Considered Italy's greatest poet
- Benvenuto Cellini
- A celebrated sculptor, goldsmith, author and soldier, but also a hooligan and even avenging killer.
- Sir Thomas More
- English humanist who write Utopia, a book that protrayed an ideal society in which all citizens are equal and prosperous
- REFORMATION:
- A period of religious change
- What was the reformation and what changes resulted?
- HELP!!
- Martin Luther
- Professor and priest who did not belief in everything that the church did and was the inspiration to the Lutheran religion
- Justification by faith
- People could be made just , or good by simply having faith in god - not by doing the 7 sacraments
- Vocation
- A regular occupation, especially one for which a person is particularly suited or qualified.
- Role of clergy and Bible in Protestantism
- HELP!!!
- John Calvin
- wrote Institutes of Christian Religion, inspiration of Calvinism
- Predestination
- God determines each person's fate - or whether they go to heaven
- Geneva
- "City of Saints" a government without a king
- Consistory
- Council of 12 members that controlled all aspects of daily life a.k.a. spies
- John Knox and Presbyterianism to Scotland
- Supporter of Calvin, scottish took religion to scotland which was there called presbyterianism
- Vernacular
- The language of the people
- Elizabeth I
- HELP!!!
- Anne Boelyn
- HELP!!!
- Edward VI
- Son of Henry VII and Jane Seymour Lived to 12 years old and ruled by protestant council
- Katherine of Aragon
- divorced, mother of mary
- Mary Queen of England ("Bloody Mary")
- Restore catholicism
- Puritans
- A member of a group of English Protestants who in the 16th and 17th centuries advocated strict religious discipline along with simplification of the ceremonies and creeds of the Church of England.
- Pilgrims
- english separatists
- Inquisition
- church court to find heretics
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COUNTER REFORMATION:
Council of Trent - called by pope paul III to define offical doctrine
- Latin Vulgate
- only acceptiable verisons of the bible
- Seminary
- Where all priests had to be trained in
- Convent
- Home of nuns
- Jesuits
- One group of Catholics that acted as missionaries in Europe
- Ignatius Loyola
- founder of missionaries
- Changes in religion in Europe after the Reformation
- HELP!!
- Babylonian Captivity
- popes moved to france because of french kings
- Great Schism
- 2 popes, 1 in avignon and 1 in Rome
- John Tetzel/Pope Leo X
- Sold indulgences to raise money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica
- Indulgences
- Payments for certificate that cancelled or reduced punishment for sins -> admission to Heaven
- Simony
- Paying for a position in the church
- Nepotism
- Gave positions to relatives/close friends
- Excommunication
- Banned from a church and not being able to belong there anymore
- Diet of Worms
- German princes asked Luther to take back his statements and when he refrused he was condemned as a heretic
- Peace of Augsburg
- HELP!!!
- Edict of Nantes
- lets Huguenots practice religion
- Huguenots
- french calvinists
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EXPLORATION:
Time in years - (1400-1750)