Biology Chapter 5 CRQ'S
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- 13. List the main characteristics of a population.
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Geographic distribution-or range/area, density-#/area & growth rate
4th-population's age structure - 14. Write the equation for population density.
- # individuals/unit area
- 15. What are the four factors that affect population size?
- number of births, number of deaths, number of individuals that enter(immigation) or leave the population(emigration)
- 16. List three density dependent factors and three density-independent factors that can limit the growth of a population
- dependent-competition, predation, parasitism & disease. independent-unusal weather, natural disasters, seasonal cycles, & certain human activities.
- 17. What is the relationship btw competition and population size?
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The larger the pop. competition for resources, exhaust resources.
The smaller the pop. more resources less competition.
organisims compete for food, water, space, sunlight and other essentials of life. - 18. If an entire lynx population disappears, what is likely to happen to the hare population on which it preys?
- The hare population should increase.
- 19. Explain Figure 5-10 What is the graph depicting?
- exponential growth.
- 20. For most of human existence, the population grew slowly, why?
- Food was scarce, incurable diseases were rampant, 1/2 children survived to adulthood, life was harsh.
- 21. What happened 500 yrs. ago to increase human populations?
- Agriculture & industry made life easier/safer. Food supply more reliable, essential goods shipped around globe. Improve sanitation, medicine, health care reduced death rate. Birthrates remained high.
- 22. Why can't populations continue to grow exponentially?
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Earth & its resources are limited.
Disease. - 23. What do demographers study?
- Examine characteristics of human populations & attempts explain how those populations will change over time.
- 24. How can improvement in health care affect a population?
- advances in nutrition, sanitation, medicine more children survive to become adults. Lower death rate.
- 25. What is a demographic transition?
- A dramatic change in birth & death rates. Births exceed deaths-pop increases. Births falls-pop growth slows. demographic transition complete when birth meats death rate-pop growth stops.
- 26. Which countries have completed the trasition? How did they accomplish this transition?
- US, Europe, & Japan. Birth rates low to meet the death rate-pop growth stops.
- 27. The diagrams in Fig. 5-13 represent what? According to the data in the figure, what can be concluded about the future of the U.S. and Rwanda
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The graphs compare the age structure of US pop. w/ pop of Rwanda. Rwanda age structure predicts a pop. that will double in about 30 yrs.
US-slow and steady growth rate
Rwanda-more teen means double in 30 yrs. - 28. According to figure 5-14 what evidence do you see that supports the hypothesis that this country has not completed the transition?
- Many people in the stree in India. Pop increase. Birthrate has not fallen to meet death rate-pop growth has not stopped.