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Social St. Grad Exam

Grad Exam vocabulary practice

Terms

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Middle Passage
the voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies and later to North and South America
Enlightenment
emphasis on learning and reason/the scientific method. (Science-people like Benjamin Franklin)
Mercantilism
economic theory based on the belief that a country's power depended mainly on its wealth. (gold, colonies, and more exports than imports)
Virgninia House of Burgesses
First representative government (demoncracy) in the US
St. Augustine
Founded by the Spanish. Oldest permanent settlement in the US
Martin Luther
Led the Protestant Reformation
crusades
Holy Wars waged by Europeans on the Muslims in the Middle East to regain the Holy Land.
Ponce de Leon
searched for Fountain of Youth in Florida
Mayflower Compact
equal and just laws for all
Conquistadors
Spanish conquerors (Pizarro-Incas in Peru and Cortez-Aztec in Mexico
Hernando de Soto
explored Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi looking for gold.
Indentured Servants
People who became servant (almost slaves) for 7 years to pay for their passage to the colonies
John Locke
English writer who influenced Thomas Jefferson, who wrote Declaration of Independence. Believed that government should derive its power from the people whom it governed.
13 colonies
settled by the English along the Atlantic coast
Roanoke in North Carolina
"The Lost Colony"
renaissance
rebirth of learning/renewed interest in learning.
Triangular Trade
involved Africa (slaves), West Indies (molasses) and New England (rum).
Columbian Exchange
The global transfer/exchange of plants and foods from the Americas to Europe, ASia, and Africa and animals, diseases, and food back to the Americas.
Favorable Balance of Trade
A country sells more goods than it buys.
reformation
movement ot reform the Catholic Church
Montesquieq
Frenchman - 3 Branches of Government - separation of powers so that no branch would have too much power. (Legislative, Executive, and Judicial)
Prince Henry of Portugal
navigation and ship building; started the navigation school

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