micro chapter 9
Terms
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- RESTRICTION ENZYME
- AN ENZYME THAT CUTS DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA AT SPECIFIC SITED BETWEEN NUCLEOTIDES
- ANTISENSE DNA
- DNA THAT IS COMPLEMENTARY TO THE DNA ENCODING A PROTEIN; THE ANTISENSE RNA TRANSCRIPT WILL HYBRIDIZE WITH THE mRNA ENCODING THE PROTEIN AND INHIBIT SYNTHESIS OF THE PROTEIN
- COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR (CSF)
- A SUBSTANCE THAT INDUCES CERTAIN CELLS TO PROLIFERATE OR DIFFERENTIATE
- GENE LIBRARY
- A COLLECTION OF CLONED DNA FRAGMENTS CREATED BY INSERTING RESTRICTION ENZYME FRAGMENTS IN A BACTERIUM, YEAST, OR PHAGE
- DNA PROBE
- A SHORT, LABELED, SINGLE STRAND OF DNA OR RNA USED TO LOCATE ITS COMPLEMENTARY STRAND IN A QUANTITY OF DNA
- GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
- THE SEPARATION OF SUBSTANCES (SUCH AS SERUM PROTEINS OR DNA) BY THEIR RATE OF MOVEMENT THROUGH AN ELECTRICAL FIELD
- PROTOPLAST FUSION
- A METHOD OF JOINING TWO CELLS BY FIRST REMOVING THEIR CELLS WALLS; USED IN GENETIC ENGINEERING
- RFLP
- RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; A FRAGMENT RESULTING FROM RESTRICTION-ENZYME DIGESTION DNA
- DNA FINGERPRINTING
- ANALYSIS OF DNA BY ELECTROPHORESIS OF RESTRICTION ENZYME FRAGMENT OF THE DNA
- SUBUNIT VACCINE
- A VACCINE CONSISTING OF AN ANTIGENETIC FRAGMENT
- BIOTECHNOLOGY
- THE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF MICROORGANISMS, CELLS, OR CELL COMPONENTS TO MAKE A USEFUL PRODUCT
- REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
- AN RNA-DEPENDENT DNA POLYMERASE; AN ENZYME THAT SYNTHESIZES A COMPLEMENTARY DNA FROM A RNA TEMPLATE
- CLONE
- A POPULATION OF CELLS THAT ARE IDENTICAL TO THE PARENT CELL
- TI PLASMID
- AN AGROBACTERIUM PLASMID CARRYING GENES FOR TUMOR INDUCTION IN PLANTS
- GENETIC SCREENING
- TECHNIQUES FOR DETERMINING WHICH GENES ARE IN A CELL'S GENOME
- METHYLATE
- ADDITION OF A METHYL GROUP (2CH3) TO A MOLECULE; METHYLATED CYTOSINE IS PROTECTED FROM DIGESTION BY RESTRICTION ENZYMES
- MICROINJECTION
- THE INTRODUCTION OF MATERIAL, SUCH AS DNA, DIRECTLY INTO A CELL, USUALLY WIT A GLASS PIPETTE
- PROTOPLAST
- A GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIUM OR PLANT CELL TREATED TO REMOVE THE CELL WALL
- TRANSFORMATION
- (1) THE PROCESS IN WHICH GENES ARE TRANSFERRED FROM ONE BACTERIUM TO ANOTHER AS "NAKED" DNA IN SOLUTION (2) THE CHANGING OF A NORMAL CELL INTO A CANCEROUS CELL
- ELETROPORATION
- A TECHNIQUE BY WHICH DNA IS INSERTED INTO A CELL USING AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT
- SOUTHERN BLOTTING
- A TECHNIQUE THAT USES DNA PROBES TO DETECT THE PRESENCE OF SPECIFIC DNA IN RESTRICTION FRAGMENTS SEPARATED BY ELECTROPHORESIS
- COLONY HYBRIDIZATION
- THE IDENTIFICATION OF A COLONY CONTAINING A DESIRED GENE BY USING A DNA PROBE THAT IS COMPLEMENTARY TO THAT GENE
- SHUTTLE VECTOR
- A PLASMID THAT CAN EXIST IN SEVERAL DIFFERENT SPECIES; USED IN GENETIC ENGINEERING
- DNA SEQUENCING
- A PROCESS BY WHICH THE NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE OF DNA IS DETERMINED
- cDNA (COMPLEMENTARY DNA)
- DNA MADE IN VITRO FROM AN mRNA TEMPLATE
- ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
- CHOOSING ONE ORGANISM FROM A POPULATION TO GROW BECAUSE OF ITS DESIRABLE TRAITS
- GENETIC ENGINEERING
- MANUFACTURING AND MANIPULATING GENETIC MATERIAL IN VITRO; ALSO CALLED RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY
- SPLICING
- A PROCESS BY WHICH AN RNA MOLECULE CUTS OUT INTRONS AND REJOINS EXONS TO PRODUCE A MOLECULE OF mRNA
- INTRON
- A REGION IN A EUKARYOTIC GENE THAT DOES NOT CODE FOR A PROTEIN OR mRNA
- SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS
- TECHNIQUES USED TO MODIFY A GENE IN A SPECIFIC LOCATION TO PRODUCE THE DESIRED POLYPEPTIDE
- POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
- A TECHNIQUE USING DNA POLYMERASE TO MAKE MULTIPLE COPIES OF A DNA TEMPLATE IN VITRO