Psychology III
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- object permanence
- a child's realization that an object exists even when he or she cannot see it
- anal stage
- infant's pleasure: seeking centered on function of elimination Ages: 1.5 -3
- assimilation
- the process of fitting objects and experiences into one's schema
- telegraphic speech
- the kind of verbal utterances in which words are left out, but the meaning in usually clear
- sublimation
- the process of redirection sexual impulses into learning tasks
- developmental psychology
- the study of changes that occur as an individual matures
- Mary Ainsworth
- studied attachment in families; devolved strange situation
- formal operations
- Piagets; 11-onward; understands abstract ideas and hypothetical situations
- avoidant attachment
- the infants avoid of ignore the mother when she leaves and returns
- genital stage
- sexual desires are renewed; individual seeks relationships with others Ages: Puberty through adulthood
- Konrad Lorenz
- imprinting, geese
- Stranger Anxiety
- when a child encounters a stranger they may become uncomfortable
- concrete operations
- Piagets; 7-11; Begins to understand the concepts of convo; has trouble with abstract ideas
- phallic stage
- infants pleasure: seeking focused on the genitals Ages: 3-6
- Pre-conventional
- Kohlbergs; Stage 1 obediance and punishment; Stage 2 Instrumental relativist
- egocentric
- a young child's inability to understand another person's perspective
- oral stage
- infants pleasure: seeking focuses on the mouth. Ages: first 18 months of life
- permissive/laissez-faire family
- children and adolescents have the final say; parents are less controlling and have a non punishing, accepting attitude toward children
- critical period
- a specific time in development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned
- disorganized attachment
- children behave inconsistently, seem confused and act in contradictory ways
- rooting reflex
- an infant's response in tunring toward the source of touching that occurs anywhere around his or her mouth
- Conventoinal
- Kohlbergs; Stage 3 Good boy/ Nice girl Stage 4 Law and Order
- Separation Anxiety
- when the child is separated from the mother
- Post-Conventional
- Kohlbergs Stage 5 Social contract State 6 Universal ethics principal
- accommodation
- the adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
- preoperational
- Piagets; 2-7; Lacks operations; Egocentric; Uses symbols to solve problems
- Erikson's Stages
- a child encounters psychosocial challenges at each stage.
- resistant attachment
- no upset when she leaves but reject her when she comes back
- role taking
- childrens play that involves assuming adult roles, thus enabling the child to experience different points of view.
- representational thought
- the intellectual ability of a child to picture something in his or her mind
- grasping reflex
- an infant's clinging response to a touch on the palm of his or her hand
- socialization
- the process of learning the rules of behavior of the culture within which and individual is born and will live
- sensorimoter stage
- Piagets; Birth- 2 years; simple motor responses; no object permenance
- latency stage
- Sexual Thoughts represses: Child focuses on developing social and intellectual skills: Ages 6- puberty
- imprinting
- inherited tendencies or responses that are displayed by newborn animals when they encounter new stimuli in their environment
- maturation
- the internally programmed growth of a child
- authoritarian family
- parents attempt to control shape, and evaluate the behavior and attitudes of children and adolescents in accordance with a set code of conduct
- Perceptual Development
- Gibson & Walk found that infants develop depth perception around 6 months or older.
- Identification
- the process by which a child adopts the value and principles of the same-sex parent
- Diana Baumrind
- parenting styles, authoritative,
- schema
- a conceptual framework a person uses to make sense of the world
- conversation
- the principle that a given quantity does not change when its appearance is changed.
- secure attachment
- need to explore and need to be close, they welcome back the mother and are free of anger
- Harry Harlow
- studies the relationship between mother and child with monkeys
- democratic/authoritative family
- children and adolescents participate in decisions affecting their lives