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Basic Psychology Terms

Terms

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scientific method
a general approach to gathering information and answering questions that minimizes errors and bias
Sir Francis Galton
based his theory of inheritable traits on biographies
cognitive
having to do with the process of thinking and understanding
psychology
the study of behavior tested through scientific research
behaviorist
a psychologist who analyzes how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to events in the environment.
Wilhelm Wundt
established the first psychology laboratory
theory
a complex explanation of phenomena based on findings from scientific research
Forensic psychology
applies psychological principles to the legal system
psychobiologist
a psychologist who studies the effects that physical and chemical changes have on behavior
functionalists
studied the function of consciousness
hypothesis
an assumption about behavior tested through scientific research
Wilhelm Wundt
is the acknowledged founder of psychology as a separate field of study
psychoanalyst
a psychologist who studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior
environmental
psychologist studies the effects of overcrowding on humans
Ivan Pavlov
identified conditioned reflexes
humanistic psychologists
describe human nature as active or creative,
experimental psychologist
studies topics such as sensation, perception, and learning in controlled laboratory environments,
clinical psychologist
helps people deal with emotional disturbances
structuralist
a psychologist who studied the basic elements of conscious mental experiences
community psychologist
works primarily in a mental health or social welfare agency
developmental psychologist
studies physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes that occur over a lifetime
Sigmund Freud
is associated with psychoanalysis
dualism
the idea that the mind and body are separate and distinct
basic science
the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake
educational psychologist
researches topics related to intelligence, memory, problem solving, and motivation with the goal of helping students learn more effectively
functionalist
a psychologist who studied the function (rather than the stucture) of consciouness and how mental processes help people and animals adapt to their environment

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