seng PEDS Final
Terms
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- Rubeola: (measles)
- Complications: diarrhea, CNS, encephalitis (rare), secondary bacterial infections (otitis media, bronchopneumonia, croup
- symptoms of lyme disease
- Symptoms: slowly expanding red rash at site, bullseye, resolves spontaneously within 4 weeks; (5-21 days)malaise, fatige, HA, stiff neck, mild fever, muscle/joint aches; (1-4 months) pain/swelling of joints (knee), facial palsy, meningitis, AV block (months later) arthritis, CNS changes
- symptoms of rabies
- Symptoms: may be asymptomatic during incubation period; initial acute symptoms: pain or paresthesia, HA, fever, loss of appetite, malaise, painful contractures in muscles used for swallowing lead to hydrophobia; later neuro symptoms: hallucinations, disorientation, mania and quiet periods, seizures, stupor and coma
- complications and treatment of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Complications: DIC, GI, pulmonary, encephalitis, cardiac/renal complications, may lead to shock; • Treatment: ABX
- treatment of rabies
- Treatment: immediately wash animal bites with soap and water and irrigate well, avoid suturing; HRIG must be given before onset of symptoms ( ½ infiltrated around would, ½ given IM)
- Rabies
- Decreased ability to swallow causes drooling or aspiration, fatal in all cases if disease established, hydrophobia
- stage 2 of 5th disease
- ________rash: 1-4 days later, lacelike, symmetric, erythematous maculopapular rash on trunk and extremities, spreads proximal to distal
- rash of scarlet fever
- Rash distribution: within 24 hours, red, fine, popular rash, axillae, groin, and neck, spreads peripherally-covers entire body, blanches on pressure except deep creases, desquamation of dark skin (begins with face, moves down trunk)
- TX of 5th disease
- Treatment: symptomatic, supportive, blood transfusion if aplastic crisis occurs
- symptoms of scarlet fever
- Symptoms: abrupt fever for 5-6 days, vomiting, HA, abdominal pain, pharyngitis, chills, white-red strawberry tongue
- treatment of malaria
- Treatment: fluid replacement, antipyretics, anemia management, quinine sulfate, tetracycline, mefloquine, sulfadoxine pyremethamine (child <8)
- compications of pertussis
- Complications: pneumonia, atelectasis, otitis media, seizures
- Treatment of pertussis
- • Treatment: ABX (erythromycin), corticosteroids (airway)
- complications of malaria
- Complications: severe anemia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, renal failure, bleeding, shock, asplenia-high risk of death
- treatment of lyme disease
- Treatment: ABX, PO, then IV if no response in 2-4 weeks, <8: amoxicillin, cefuroxime, axetil, erythromycin; >8: doxycycline, tetracycline
- complications of 5th disease
- Complications: transient aplastic crisis, arthritis for 1-6 days after rash, pregnant women (intrauterine infection, fetal death (1st half of pregnancy)
- Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
- Increased communicability before onset of disease, not contagious after onset of rash
- symptoms of malaria
- Symptoms: myalgia, malaise, HA, abdominal pain, back pain, diarrhea, N/V, spiking fever
- stage 3 of 5th disease
- ______ rash: lasts 1-3 weeks, rash fades, may reappear with environmental stressors
- Fifth disease
- Prodromal: 2-3 days, HA, chills, malaise, nausea, body ache, rash 1 week later
- stage 1 of 5th disease
- _______ rash: intense, fiery red, edematous, slapped cheek, circumoral pallor
- S/S of Rocky mountain fever
- Moderate to high fever lasting 2-3 weeks, malaise, deep muscle pain, persistent HA, chills, conjuctival infection, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, jaundice, rash develops between 3rd and 5th days (starts on extremities, moves to trunk, maculopapular, blaches with pressure, appears on palms and soles, petichial and more defined
- Rocky mountin spotted fever
- Bite of infected ticks (usually dog ticks), ticks must be attached and feeding at least 4-6 hours
- Malaria
- Mosquito bites
- Treatment of scarlet fever
- Treatment: penicillin or erythromycin, supportive care
- transmission of Pertussis
- Respiratory droplets, direct contact with respiratory discharge
- Diptheria
- contact with infected individuals, carrier's nasal/eye discharge, or skin lesion, indirect contact with contaminated articles, unpasteurized milk
- symptoms of pertussis
- Symptoms: runny nose followed by irregular nonproductive cough, cough becomes more severe at night, changes to spasms of paroxysmal coughing followed by inspiration, stridor, whooping; may be accompanied by flushing, cyanosis, vomiting, and profuse drainage from nose, eyes, and mouth
- Rubeola: (measles)
- Symptoms: 3 Cs, high fever, anorexia, malaise, Koplik's spots (appear on buccal mucosa about 2 days before and after rash).
- Complications of Diptheria
- Complications: endotoxin produced causing myocarditis, peripheral neuropathy, ascending paralysis, death from airway obstruction
- Rubeola: (measles)
- rash: 2-4 days post prodromal deep macular rash, begins on face, spreads down trunk and extremities to feet, blanches easily with pressure, gradually turns brownish color, duration 6-7 days
- Lyme disease
- Tick bite transmits, must feed for 36 hours
- Treatment of Diptheria
- Treatment: IV antitoxin and ABX within 3 days of symptom onset, watch airway may need to remove membrane
- complications of scarlet fever
- Complications: extension of strep infection
- complications of rabies
- Complications: death usually results
- Rubeola: (measles)
- Treatment: airborne precautions, quiet activities and bedrest while febrile, vitamin A, antibiotics
- complications of lyme disease
- Complications: leg/arm weakness, Bell's palsy, encephalopathy, meningitis, severe HA, chronic arthritis, peripheral nerve disorders, crosses placenta
- symptoms of Diptheria
- Symptoms: mild to severe with gradual onset over 2-4 days, low grade fever, anorexia, malaise, rhinorrhea with foul odor, cough, hoarseness, stridor or noisy breathing, cervical lymphadenitis, pharyngitis, thick bluish white to grayish black patch on tonsils, soft and hard palate and pharynx
- scarlet fever: causes
- Group A beta-hemolytic strep