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Science Exam Words

Terms

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Stratosphere
The layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer; temperature increases as you go up
Atomic mass
The number of protons in a atom
Protons
A subatomic particle with a positive charge
Coefficient
The number in front of the chemical compound; does not have to be there
Temperature
The measure of heat
Organic forms of compounds
Compounds that can be used on earth
Control group
The group with out treatment
Carnivore
An organism that eats only meat
Chemical change
the chemical structure changes from the reaction to the product
Nitrogen cycle
The continuous cycle of the transfer of carbon through the atmosphere
Tropopause
Between the troposphere and the stratosphere
Particulate matter
Pieces of "stuff" in the atmosphere
Niche
An animals way of life
Ozone event
When tropospheric ozone makes it unhealthy
Mitochondria
The place in the cell where cellular respiration takes place
Law of conservation of matter
Matter is neither created nor destroyed
Thermosphere
The layer of the atmosphere that contains single atoms, space shuttles that orbit; temperature increases as you go up
Human error
A human mistake made while following the procedure
Absolute zero
the coldest temperature their can be it contains no brownian motion
Troposphere
The layer of the atmosphere that contains life and weather; the temperature decreases as you go up
Experimental error
A flaw in the design of a procedure
3rd law of thermodynamics
Zero kelvin=absolute zero=no brownian motion
Ultraviolet radiation
Harmful radiation that is absorbed/deflected by the ozone layer
Water cycle
the continuous cycle of the transfer of water through an ecosystem, which involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation
Nonmetals
An element that is brittle and does not conduct electricity well
Trophic level
Each step in the transfer of energy in an ecosystem
States of matter
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma
Heat
The total energy of the random movement of molecules of a substance/object
Why hot air rises
Because it is less dense then cold air
Cellular respiration
The process of breaking down food to give energy
Ecosystem
All the different biotic and abiotic factors in a certain area
Tropospheric ozone
Ozone that s hazardous to human heath and vegetation; 10% of ozone
Herbivore
an organism that eats only plants
Metals
An element that is ductile, malleable, and conducts electricity well
Independent variable
The variable that is controlled during an experiment
Celsius/fahrenheit/kelvin
Different ways of measuring temperature
Environmental issues
Issues in the environment
1st law of thermodynamics
Energy is conserved
Stratospheric ozone
Good ozone that keeps out ultraviolet radiation
Metalloids
An element that has some properties of metals and some of nonmetals; a hybrid
Radiation
The travel of heat in waves or rays
Reactant
The chemical compounds on the right of an arrow pointing right
Nucleus
Where the protons and neutrons are found in an atom
Montreal protocol
An agreement that says countries will not produce CFC's
Photosynthesis
The process of changing sunlight to energy by absorbing sunlight which uses the sunlight along with water and carbon dioxide to create sugar
Evaporation
When water turns into a gas and rises into clouds
Stratopause
Between the stratosphere and the mesosphere
Six months old
How old your current science report can be
Ductile
Can be pulled into a wire
Chlorofluorocarbons
Man-made chemical substance that depletes the ozone layer
Variable
something that changes
Abiotic factors
The nonliving parts of an ecosystem
Matter
What everything is made out of
Periods
Rows (1-7) on the periodic table
Mesosphere
The layer of the atmosphere that contains shooting stars and meteors; the temperature decreases as you go up
Habitat
The physical environment where the organism lives
Conductors
Substances that transfer heat energy easily
Neutrons
A subatomic particle with a neutral charge
10% rule
10% of the energy is transfered from one level to the next
Product
The chemical compounds on the left of an arrow pointing right
Biotic factors
The living parts of an ecosystem
The atomic number
The number of protons in a atom
physical change
The state of matter changes but the chemical structure does not
Mesopause
The transition between the mesosphere and the thermosphere
Dependent variable
The variable that changes in response to the independent variable
Malleable
Can be flattened
Food chain
A sequence in which energy is transfered from one organism to another
Carbon cycle
The continuous cycle of the transfer of carbon through the atmosphere
Cloud seeding
Man-made precipitation that occurs when humans fill clouds with iodine particles
Periodic table
The table of elements
Atmosphere
The layer of air and gasses that surround the earth
Compound
Two or more atoms that are combined
Greenhouse gasses
Gasses that contribute to the greenhouse effect; absorb and radiate heat
Element
A material consisting of only one type of atom
Hypothesis
Making an educated prediction that solves a problem or answers a question
subscript
The number of atoms of one element
Transpiration
The evaporation from plants
Omnivore
An organism that eats both plants and meat
Data table
Data that is organized in a table
Experimental group
A group with treatment; testing to independent variable or hypothesis
Chloroplast
The place in the cell where photosynthesis takes place
Smog
Ground level ozone
Producer
An organism that makes its own food
Precipitation
Rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls back to earth after it has gotten heavy
Convection
The transfer of heat in a gas or liquid by currents
Conduction
The transfer of heat between the particles of matter (typically a solid)
Inorganic forms of compounds
Compounds that cannot be used on earth
Electrons
A subatomic particle with a negative charge
aquifer
Where water is stored undreground
Groups
Columns (I-VII) on the periodic table
Ions
Atoms with a charge either positive of negative
Ozone hole
A thin section in the ozone layer over Antarctica where UV rays can get through
Brittle
Breakable, shatters
Atom
The smallest particles of matter
Brownian motion
The measure of how much molecules move
Consumer
An organism that gets its energy by eating other animals
Exosphere
There the atmosphere turns into space; temperature decreases as you go up
Insulators
Substances that do not easily transfer heat energy
Conclusion
The section of a lab report where you determine if your hypothesis is supported
Ozone layer
90% of ozone that is found in the stratosphere

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