bio 11&12
Terms
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- Applications of human genome project
- Gene therapy: puts normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders. EX: Cystic fibrosis nasal spray
- Cystic fibrosis
- 1/20 white Americans have this. This is the thickening of mucus.
- Monohybrid cross
- a cross with only one trait
- Inbreeding
- Breeding close to get a homogeneous offspring
- Recombinant Bacteria in agriculture
- fertilizer free plants
- Pedigree Analysis
- Chart showing one trait being carried over many generations
- Polygenic Inheritance
- Traits that are controlled by two or more genes, bell curve. EX: Height, weight, shape color.
- Electrophoresis
- A device used to separate DNA by charge and length
- Recombinant in medicine
- human growth hormone and insulin
- Sex linked inheritance
- Traits located on the sex cells. EX: Colorblindness, hemophilia.
- Dihybrid cross
- a cross with two traits
- Ways to study Human inheritance
- Pedigree analyses, twin studies, population sampling, karyotyping
- PKU
- Can be regulated with diet at a young age
- Transigenic organism
- Plants and animals that have functional recombinant DNA. The three steps are Isolate the foreign DNA, attach DNA to "vehicle" transfer vehicle into host organism.
- Human genome project
- Identified 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA
- Selective breeding
- Breeding to make one give one specific trait to the offspring
- Recombinant bacteria in Industry
- cleans oil spills
- Genetic Engineering
- Same thing as Recombinant DNA. Cutting and recombining DNA from different sources.
- Tay-Sachs
- Common in Amish and Jews.
- Simple dominant traits
- Free earlobes, tongue roller, widow's peak, straight thumb
- Karyotyping
- A way to check for abnormality in a baby before it is born, by taking pictures of the chromosomes and lining them up.
- Environmental Influences
- Temperature, light, nutrition, chemicals.
- Hybrids
- A cross between two different breeds to get a certain trait