biology chapter one.
integrated science 10a (biology) chapter 1
Terms
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- observation
- the act of perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question
- organization
- the high degree of order within an organism's internal and external parts and in it's interactions with the living world
- multicellular
- organisms made of multiple cells
- cell
- the smallest unit that can perform all of life's processes
- ecology
- the branch of biology that studies organisms interacting with each other and with the environment
- peer review
- when scientists who are already experts in the field anonymously read and critique a research paper
- scanning electron microscope
- a microscope that passes a beam of electrons over the specimen's surface
- reproduction
- the process in which organisms produce new organisms like themselves
- unicellular
- organisms made with only one cell
- gene
- a short segment of DNA the contains the instructions for a single trait of an organism
- developement
- the process by which an organism become a mature adult
- biology
- the study of life
- transmission electron microscope
- transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen
- scientific method
- an organized to learn how the natural world works
- experiment
- used to test a hypothesis and it's predictions
- hypothesis
- a proposed explaination for the way a particular aspect of the natural world functions
- nosepiece
- the structure that holds the set of objective lens
- stage
- the platform that supports the slide holding the specimen;
- homeostasis
- the maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions even though the environmental conditions are constantly changing
- natural selection
- "survival of the fittest"
- metabolism
- the sum of all the chemical reactions that take in and transform energy and materials from the environment
- dependent variable
- manipulated by the independent variable
- ecosystems
- communities of all living species and their physical environment
- metric system
- a decimal system and thus is base on powers of 10
- organs
- structures that carry out specialized jobs within an organ system
- resolution
- the power to show details clearly in an image
- control group
- provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group
- eyepiece (ocular)
- magnifies the image usually 10x
- light source
- a light bulb that provides light for viewing the image
- tissues
- groups of cells that have similar abilities that allow the organ to function
- organelles
- tiny structures that carry out functions necessary for the cell to stay alive
- objective lens
- enlarges the image of the specimen
- biological molecules
- the chemical compounds that provide physical structure and that bring about movement, energy use, or other cell functions
- base units
- describe length, mass, time, and other qualities in the SI system
- evolution
- descent with modification
- magnification
- the increase of an object's apparent size
- adaptions
- traits that improve one's ability to survive and reproduce
- kingdoms
- divide domains
- experimental group
- identical to the control group except for one factor
- cell division
- the formation of two new cells from an existing cell
- prediction
- a statement that forecasts what would happen in a test situation if the hypothesis was true
- compound light microscope
- a microscope that shines light through a specimen and has two lenses to magnify an image
- theory
- a set of related hypothesis' that is confirmed to be true many times
- domain
- one of the three major subdivisions of all organisms
- independent variable
- manipulated by the experimenter