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Psych Ch 12

Terms

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basal metabolic rate
the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
sexual orientation
an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexual) or the other sex (heterosexual)
incentive
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
motivation
a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
personnel psychology
of subfield of I/O psychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development
flow
a completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one's skills
testosterone
the most important of the male sex hormone
achievement motivation
a desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard
industrial-organizational psychology (I/O)
the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
hierarchy of needs
Maslow's pyramid of human needs
glucose
the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues
anorexia nervosa
an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve
bulimia nervosa
an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting or excessive exercise
homeostasis
a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry
drive-reduction theory
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
task leadership
goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals
sexual disorder
a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning
organizational psychology
a subfield of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change
estrogen
a sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males
set point
the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set
refractory period
a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm
sexual response cycle
the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, orgasm and resolution
instinct
a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
structured interviews
interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales
social leadership
group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support

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