Animal Science
just first vocab, no breeds
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- colostrum
- first milk given to young-- high level of antibodies which boost youngs immunity
- calf
- young cattle
- heiferette
- heifer calved once, dried up, fed for slaughter
- ET
- embryo transfer
- lactation period
- period that a female produces milk
- compensatory growth
- increased growth rate in response to previous undernourishment
- estrus/heat
- period of mating activity in the female
- weaning
- taking a young animal from it's mother
- cow-calf operation
- management that maintains breeding herd of cows and produces weaned calves
- steer
- castrated male bovine
- Anestrous Period
- time when a female is not in estrus--non-breeding season
- cock/rooster
- mature male chicken
- scurs
- small hornlike tissue attached to the skin of polled/dehorned animals
- yearling
- cattle of either sex 1-2 years old
- calorie
- amount of heat required to raise the temp. of one gram of water by one degree C
- pullet
- imature female chicken
- estrous
- meaning "heat" that modifies such words as "cycle". Estrous cycle is the heat cycle, or time from one heat period to the next
- mule
- species cross from mating a mare to a jack
- barrow
- castrated male pig
- seedstock producer
- produces breeding animals for commercial segment of industry
- spent hen
- hen that has completed her laying cycle and is ready for market as a stewing hen
- broiler
- young chicken (6-8 weeks) marketed at 4 pounds
- ovine
- sheep
- hinny
- offspring of a stallion and jenny cross
- breed
- animals having a common origin and charateristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same species
- ear notch
- permanent identification-litter number on right, pig number on left
- gestation period
- term of pregnancy
- bovine gestation period
- 283 days
- feeder pig
- weaned pig that is ready to finish for slaughter
- layer
- hen that is kept for egg production
- colt
- immature male horse
- DHIA
- dairy herd improvement association
- filly
- immature female horse
- roughage
- feed high in fiber, low in digestible nutrients, low in energy--hay, straw, and pasture
- bovine
- cattle
- feedlot
- beef cattle enterprise where cattle are placed in confinement, fed harvested feeds, and fattened for slaughter
- equine
- horse
- heifer
- female bovine that has not produced a calf
- prolificacy
- ability to produce multiple offspring
- haploid
- half the normal number of chromosomes. found in sperm and ova
- contemporary group
- set of animals of the same sex and breed that have been raised under similar environmental and management conditions
- porcine gestation period
- 113 days
- estrus synchronization
- controlling the estrous cycle so that a high percentage of the females in the herd express estrus at the same time
- poult
- young turkey
- libido
- sex drive of the male
- stallion/stud
- sexually mature male horse
- dark cutter
- color of the lean in carcass--stressed animal
- ram
- sexually mature male sheep
- kilocalorie
- equivalent to 1000 calories
- TDN
- total digestible nutrients--protein, nitrogen-free extract, fiber, and fat(mult. by 2.25) all added together~energy content
- poultry
- chickens, turkeys, geese, pigeons, peafowl, guineas, and game birds
- concentrate
- a feed that is high in energy, low in fiber content, and highly digestible
- kidding
- act of giving birth in goats
- chick
- a young chicken recently hatched
- ovine gestation period
- 147 days
- caprine
- goats
- chevon
- meat from goats
- ewe
- sexually mature female sheep
- doe/nanny
- sexually mature female goat
- AI
- artificial insemination
- foal
- young horse of either sex
- feeder cattle
- cattle requiring more growth and/or fattening before slaughter
- cockerel
- young male chicken
- spaying
- removal of ovaries from female
- Bull
- sexually mature male bovine
- crossbred
- animal that is product of the crossing of two or more breeds
- open
- non-pregnant females
- sow
- sexually mature female pig
- clone
- individual grown from a single somatic cell of its parent and genetically identical
- gelding
- castrated male horse
- hybrid breeding stock
- crossing purebreds of various breeds and then multiplying the hybrid lines
- needle teeth
- set of eight very sharp teeth that are usually cut off
- mare
- sexually mature female horse--female who has foaled and female 4+ years old
- lambing
- act of giving birth in sheep
- fertility
- capacity to initiate, sustain, and support reproduction
- gilt
- immature female pig
- boar
- sexually mature male pig
- oviposition
- egg laying process
- cow
- female bovine that has produced a calf
- carcass merit
- value of a carcass for consumption
- mohair
- fiber of angora goat
- fleece
- wool of sheep
- tom
- male turkey
- Dystocia
- difficult birth
- jack
- intact male donkey
- castration
- removal of testicles
- farrow to finish operation
- management unit that maintains a sow herd and carries the production through to market weights
- hen
- sexually mature female poulty
- weanling
- weaned horse of either sex
- porcine
- pigs
- stocker
- weaned cattle that are grazed on grass/fed on high roughage diets-- gain 250 to 300 pounds
- broodmare
- female horse used for breeding purposes
- wether
- castrated male sheep/goat
- fill
- contents of the digestive tract
- cull
- eliminate from breeding population
- flock
- herd or group of sheep and goats
- buck/billy
- sexually mature male goat
- jenny/jennet
- female donkey
- ad libitum
- allowing animals to eat all they want at all times
- equine gestation period
- 340 days
- farrow
- act of giving birth in pigs
- feeder
- animals need no further feeding prior to slaughter
- dry
- non-lactating female (mare, cow, ewe, sow)
- kid
- young goat
- calve
- act of giving birth in bovine
- mutton
- meat from sheep over one year of age