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Ms. Kim's Chapter 9 Test

This is for 7th grade science at CVMS

Terms

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Dinoflagellates
unicellular plantlike protists, surrounded by stiff plates, variety of colored pigments
Host Cell
a living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus or an organism
Which structures are in most bacteria cells?
rigid cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, genetic material
What's the difference between active and hidden viruses?
a hidden virus first hides its genetic material in the cell's genetic material and its copied when the cell is copied. then it takes over the cell's functions and the cell starts to produce the virus' proteins and genetic material and then assemble into new viruses
How does bacteria get its oxygen to break down their food?
by brealking down food in the process of respiration
Protozoans with pseudopods have...
food vacuoles, a nucleus, cytoplasm, contractile vacuole, and a cell membrane
Once inside a cell what does the virus do?
the virus' genetic material takes over many of the cell's functions.it instructs the cell to produce the virus' proteins and genetic material, these proteins and genetic material then assemble into new viruses
Parasites
organisms that live on or in a host and cause it harm
What is the best treatment for viral diseases?
resting, drinking plenty of water, and eating a well balanced meal
bacteriophage
a virus that infects bacteria
vaccine
a substance introduced to the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease causing viruses and organisms
How do different types of algae differ?
organization, structure, function, unicellular or multicellular, differentiated tissues and organs, live in colonies or not
Protozoans with cilia have...
pellicle, large nucleus, small nucleus, cytoplasm, oral groove, food vacuole, anal pore, cilia, and contractile vacoules
Green Algae
most unicellular some multicellular plantlike protists, green, live on rocks or trees
protist
eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals, plants or fungi
bacteria
prokaryotes whose genetic materialis not contained in a nucleus, and lacks a nucleus, mitichondria, and golgi bodies
How does bacteria help with medicine?
produces insulin for diabetics
Diatoms
unicellular plantlike protists, have glasslike cell walls, float on surface of water
Where do water molds and downy molds live?
in water or moist places
contractile vacuole
(pseudopods) a structure that contains the extra water and then expels it from the cell
spore
tiny cell that is able to grow into new organisms
What is the role of bacteria in nature?
they are involved in oxygen and food production, environmental recycling and cleanup, and in health maintenance and medicine production
cilia
hairlike projections from cells that move with a wavelike motion
Euglenoids
unicellular plantlike protists, green, live in fresh water, heterotrophs
endospore
(bacteria) a small rounded thick-walled resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell, it contains the cell's genetic material and some of its cytoplasm
sexual reproduction
two parents combine their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents
funguslike protists
heterotrophs, have cell walls and use spores to reproduce
What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
A prokaryote lacks a nucleus, mitochondria, and golgi body
Virus
a tiny nonliving particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell
mutualism
relationship in which both partners benefit
What is the difference between the four types of animal like protists?
with psuedopods: move and feed by performing pseudopods, with cilia: use their cilia to move and obtain food, with flagella: use flagella to move, that are parasites: live depending on host
protozoans
unicellular, heterotrophs, can move, classified into four groups; protozoans with Pseudopods, protozoans with cilia, protozoans with flagella, protozoans that are parasites
Bacteria must have a source of _________ and a way of __________________.
food, breaking down the food to release its energy
Why doesn't a vaccine cause disease themselves?
because it is weakened or altered
Brown Algae
multicellular plantlike protists, brown, green, yellow, orange, complex structures
flagellum
a long whip-like structure that helps a cell move
Red Algae
multicellular plantlike protists, seaweed, red, can absorb light easily
binary fission
(bacteria) asexual reproduction process in which one cell divides to form two identical cells
decomposers
(bacteria) organisms that break down large chemicals in dead organisms into small chemicals
What's another name for animal like protists?
protozoans
pseudopods
temporary bulges of the cell
symbiosis
a close relationship in which at least one of the species benefits
algae
diverse autotrophs that usually use sun to perform photosynthesis
What information does a virus' genetic material contain?
instructions for making new viruses
How can autotrophic bacteria obtain their food?
use sun's energy, or energy from chemical substances
conjugation
(bacteria) one bacterium transfers some genetic material to another bacterium through a thread-like bridge. after the transfer the cells seperate
where do slime molds live?
on forest floors and other moist shady places
How are viral diseases spread?
they are spread by contacted with contaminated object, bite of infected animal, through tiny drops of moisture, an infected persons cough or sneeze, and through contact of body fluids
pasteurization
food ius heated to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food
asexual reproduction
a reproduction process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
What is the one way in which viruses are like organisms?
they both can multiply
All viruses have two basic parts, what are they?
a protein coat that protects the virus and an inner core made of genetic material

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