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ch.6

Terms

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Pure Food and Drug Act
law that forbade the manufacture, sale, or trannsportation of food and patent medicine containing harmful ingredients and required that of food and medicones carry ingredient labels.
How the other half lives
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Clayton Antitrust Act
law that prohibited companies from buying the stock of competeing companies in order to form a monopoly, forbade companies from selling goods below cost with the goal of driving their competitors out of business and made strikes, boycotts and peaceful picket
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
a gruesome disaster in New York in 1911 that galvanized Progressives to fight for safety in the workplace.
Progressives
a group of people who formed reform movements during the late 1800s that focused on urban problems, such as the plight of workers, poor sanitation, and corrupt political machines,
The Jungle
exposed the horrific working conditions and unsanitary manufacturing practices in the meatpacking industry.
Sixteenth Amendment
law that allowed Congress to levy taxes based on an individual's income.
Ida Tarbell
investigative journalist who wrote a report that condemned the business practices of John Rockefellar.
Recall
enables citizons to remove an elected official from office by calling for a special election
Newlands Reclamation Act
law that allowed the federal governemnt to build irrigation projects to make marginal lands productive.
WEB Du Bois
believed that African Americans should strive for full rights immediately
William Howard Taft
27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term.
Robert M. La Follette
a progressive governmnor who pushed through an ambitous agenda for reforms that became known as the Wisconsin Idea
Muckrakers
a term coined or journalists who "raked up" and exposed corruption and problems of society.
Woodrow Wilson
28th president of the U.S.; his reform legislation included direct election of senators, prohibiton, and women's suffrage.
Initiative
allows voters to put a prposed law on the ballot for public approval
New Freedom
Wilson's plan of reform which called for tariff reductions, banking reofrm, and stronger antit-trust legislation
Seventeenth Amendment
this amendment gave voters rather than legislatures the power directly to elect their U.S. senators.
NAACP
National Assiciation for colored poeple, its purpose was to fight for the rights of African Americans
NAWSA
an organization founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony in 1890 to obtain women's right to vote.
Theodore Roosevelt
26th president of the United States; he focused his efforts on trust busting, environmental conservation and strong foreign policy.
Square Deal
Roosevelt's 1906 campaign slogan; expressed his belief that the needs of workers, business, and consumers should be balanced, and called for limiting the power of trusts, promoting public health and safety and improving working conditions.
Wisconsin Idea
an ambitious agenda of reforms
Jacob Riis
a muckracker journalist who exposed the poverty and tenements of the United States.
Jane Addams
founded the first settlement houses in America
Women's Christian Temperance Movement
an organization led by Frances Willard, an organized against alcohol
Carry Nation
Temperance advocate; she took extreme extreme measures to further her cause by entering saloons in her native state of Kansas and smashing bottles of alcohol with a hatchet.
Carrie Chapman Catt
was a woman's suffrage leader. She was elected president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) twice;
Sherman Antitrust Act
a law that made it illegal to create monopolies or trusts that restrained free trade.
Lincoln Steffens
a muckracker who exposed government corruption
Meat Inspection Act
law that required federal goverment inspection of meat shipped across state lines.
AFL
American Force of Labor which allowed only skilled workers as member.
Florence Kelly
helped persuade Illinois to prohibit child labor and to limit the number of hours women were forced to work
Direct Primary
voters select a party's candidates for public office
Nineteenth Amendment
a constitutional amendment that gave women the right to vote.
Eighteenth Amendment
a constitutional amendment that outlawed the production and sale of alcoholic beverages in the United States, repealed in 1933.
Alice Paul
American social reformer, suffragist, and actvist. she was the founder of the organization that became the National Women's Party that worked to obtain women's suffrage.
Upton Sinclair
Novelist whose 1906 book, the jungle, depicted the unsanitary conditions a the meatpacking plants.
Labor Unions
unions that joined together to fight for better working conditions
Referendum
allows citizons to place a recently passed law on the ballot, allowing voters to approve or reject the measure
Federal Reserve Act
law that created a central fund from which banks could borrow to prevent collaspe during a financial panic;
Susan B. Anthony
American social reformer; she was active in the temperance, abolistionist and women's suffrage movements and co-organizer and president of the National Woman Suffrage Association
Prohibition
a ban on alcohol that became a low in 1920; it was lifted in 1933
Frances Willard
Temperance and women's sufferage advocate, she was a leader in the Women's Christian Temperance Union and the Prohibition Party.

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