1 Pathophysiology ch. 5
Terms
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- antigens
- foreign substances to the body, triggers the formatio of lymphocyte armies
- primary intention
- healed with minimal tissue loss
- antibody
- produced in response to an antigen
- Stress stage 1
- alarm stage
- Hyp. Sen type 4
- cell-mediated by t-lymphocytes
- secondary intention
- new tissue growth needed
- first line defense
- physical, mechanical, biochemical
- hypersensitivity reaction
- altered immune response to an antigen that results in disease or damage to the indiidual
- T-cells
- attack antigen directly
- IgE
- mediator of many common allergic responses and parasitic infections
- cellular products
- cytokines and chemokines
- IgD
- smallest amount
- adaptive immunity
- slower, specific, has memory
- infection
- pathological states resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganism
- IgM
- largest immunoglobulin
- third line of defense
- adaptive immunity
- IgA
- 2 subclasses; secreted on surface membranes to protect against invasion
- Hyp, Sen. type 1
- anaphylaxix, IgE antibodies on mast cells
- second line of defense
- inflammation
- passive immunity
- does not involve the host's immune resonse; t-cells are transferred from a donor to a recipient
- immunoglobulins
- serum glycoprotein produced by b-cels, have specificity for antigens
- active immunity
- produced by an individual after natural exposure to an antigen or after immunizations
- IgG
- most abundant; 4 subclasses, mother to baby
- mast cells
- key activator of immune response, hstamine
- Secondary (acquired)
- complications of other physiologic or pathophysiologic conditions
- Stress stage 2
- stage of resistance of adaptation
- resolution
- return to nearly normal
- Hyp. Sen. type 2
- specific, IgM or IgG against a specific cell or tissue
- cell mediated immunity
- subpopulations of t-cells that react directly with antigens
- B-cells
- produce antibodies that react wit antigens
- allergy
- a hypersensitivity to environmental antigens
- humoral immunity
- responsible for protection against many bacteria and viruses
- plasma protein systems
- essential to effective IR, cascades, complement, clotting and kinin systems
- granulocytes
- neutrophil, erythrocyte, eosinophil, basophil
- lymphocytes
- B and T cells
- classes of infection
- bacterial, viral, fungal
- Primary (congenital) ID
- result of a single gene defect; rare
- Stress stage 3
- stage of exhaustion
- Hyp. Sen.type 3
- complex-mediated, complex deposited in tissues, formation of chemical mediators
- repair
- healing by scar formation