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The Chemistry of Life: Water and the Fitness of the Environment

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Each water molecule is capable of forming

a) 1 hydrogen bond
b) 2 hydrogen bonds
c) 4 hydrogen bonds
d) 1 covalent bond and 2 hydrogen bonds
e) 1 covalent bond and 3 hydrogen bonds
c) 4 hydrogen bonds
The polarity of water molecules

a) promotes the formation of hydrogen bonds
b) helps water to dissolve nonpolar solutions
c) lowers the heat of vaporization
d) creates a crystalline structure in liquid water
e) does all of
a) promotes the formation of hydrogen bonds
What accounts for the movement of water up xylem vessels in a plant?

a) cohesion
b) hydrogen bonding
c) adhesion
d) hydrophilic vessel walls
e) all of the above
e) all of the above
Climates tend to be moderate near large bodies of water because

a) a large amount of solar heat is absorbed by the gradual rise in temperature
b) the gradual cooling of the water releases heat to the environment
c) the high specific
e) all of the above
Temperature is a measure of...
average kinetic energy of molecules
Evaporation cooling the result of...
a reduction in the average kinetic energy of the liquid remaining after molecules enter the gaseous state
Ice floats happen because...
hydrogen bonding spaces the molecules farther apart, creating a less dense structure.
A buffer

a) changes pH by a magnitude of 10
b) absorbs excess OH-
c) releases excess H+
d) is often a weak acid-base pair
e) always maintains a neutral pH
d) is often a weak acid-base pair
Which of the following is least soluable in water?

a) polar molecules
b) nonpolar molecules
c) ionic compounds
d) hydrophilic molecules
e) anions
b) nonpolar compounds
What bonds must be broken for water to vaporize?
hydrogen bonds
Adding a base to a solution would...
raise the pH and decrease [H+]

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