PY606 Abnormal Psychology Definitions-- Week 15 (4/17/06)
Terms
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- A term, probably of Malaysian origin, that refers to an episode of sudden and intense anxiety that the penis (or, in females, the vulva and nipples) will recede into the body and possibly cause death.
- Koro
- Hypersensitivity to sudden fright, often with echopraxia, echolalia, command obedience, and dissociative or trancelike behavior.
- Latah
- A term used by Latinos in the US and Latin America to refer to a severe form of chronic psychosis. The condition is attributed to an inherited vulnerability, to the effect of multiple life difficulties, or to a combination of both factors Symptoms exhibi
- Locura
- A concept widely found in Mediterranean cultures and elsewhere in the world. Mal de ojo is a Spanish phrase translated into English as “evil eye.†Children are especially at risk. Symptoms include fitful sleep, crying without apparent cause, diarrhea
- Mal de ojo
- A common idiom of distress among Latinos in the U.S. and Latin America. (Word) refers to both to a general state of vulnerability to stressful life experiences and to a syndrome brought on by difficult life circumstances. Common symptoms include headache
- Nervios
- An abrupt dissociative episode accompanied by extreme excitement of up to 30 minutes duration and frequently followed by convulsive seizures and coma lasting up to 12 hours. This is observed primarily in arctic and subarctic Eskimo communities, although
- Pibloktoq
- A term describing an acute, time-limited episode characterized by dissociative, paranoid, or other psychotic or nonpsychotic symptoms that may occur after participation in the Chinese folk health-enhancing practice of qi-gong (“exercise of vital energy
- Qi-gong psychotic reaction
- A set of cultural interpretations that ascribe illness to hexing, witchcraft, sorcery, or the evil influence of another person.
- Rootwork
- This syndrome is found among Portuguese Cape Verde Islanders (and immigrants from ther to the U.S.) and includes pain, numbness, tremor, paralysis, convulsions, stroke, blindness, heart attack, infection, and miscarriage.
- Sangue dormido (“sleeping bloodâ€)
- In China, a condition characterized by physical and mental fatigue, dizziness, headaches, other pains, concentration difficulties, sleep disturbance, and memory loss. In many cases, the symptoms would meet the criteria for a DSM-IV Mood or Anxiety Disord
- Shenjing shuairuo (“neurastheniaâ€)
- A Korean folk label for a syndrome in which initial phases are characterized by anxiety and somatic complaints (general weakness, dizziness, fear, anorexia, insomnia, gastrointestinal problems), with subsequent dissociation and possession by ancestral sp
- Shin-byung
- A trance state in which individuals “communicate†with deceased relatives or with spirits. At times this state is associated with brief periods of personality change.
- Spell
- A folk illness prevalent among some Latinos in the U.S. and among people in Mexico, Central America, and South America. (WORD) is an illness attributed to a frightening event that causes the soul to leave the body and results in unhappiness and sickness.
- Susto (“fright,†or “soul lossâ€)
- A culturally distinctive phobia in Japan, in some ways resembling Social Phobia in DSM-IV. This syndrome refers to an individual’s intense fear that his or her body, its parts or its functions, displease, embarrass, or are offensive to other people in
- Taijin kyofusho
- A general term applied in Ethiopia, Somalia, Egypt, Sudan, Iran, and other North African and middle Eastern societies to the experience of spirits possessing an individual. Persons possessed by a spirit may experience dissociative episodes that may inclu
- Zar
- The involuntary utterance of socially unacceptable or obscene words.
- Coprolalia
- A disorder of reading characterized by difficulty learning to read despite routine instruction, normal intelligence, and adequate opportunity to read.
- Dyslexia
- Excessive motor activity that is seen in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
- Hyperactivity
- The smallest identifiable unit of speech sound (e.g., r, sh, th, ch, dg, j, f).
- Phoneme