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Social Studies Vocabulary Chapter 1

Terms

undefined, object
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Half of a sphere, such as a ball or a globe; a half of Earth
hemisphere
An imaginary line that divides the Earth in the North Pole and South Pole. the line divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.
equator
An imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western hemispheres.
prime meridian
One of the seven largest land areas on Earth.
continent
The position of a place in relation to other places on Earth.
relative location
A part of an ocean or sea extending into the land.
gulf
A narrow channel that connects two larger bodies of water.
straight
A narrow piece of land that connects two larger land areas.
isthmus
A family member from long ago.
ancestor
An exact position on Earth's surface.
absolute location
The set of imaginary lines on a globe or map that run east and west. they are used to tell how far north and south of the equator a place is.
lines of lattitude
Lines that are always the same distance apart, such as lines of latitude.
parallels
The set of imaginary lines on a globe or map that run north and south. They are used to tell how far east or west of the prime meridian a place is.
lines of longitude
A line of longitude
meridian
One of the shapes that make up the Earth's surface, such as mountains, hills or plains.
landform
A group of connected mountains.
mountain range
The level of the surface of the ocean.
sea level
An area at or near the foot of mountain
piedmont
An area of high, mostly flat land that rises about the surrounding land.
plateau
Low land that lies along an ocean or other large body of water.
coastal plain
Land almost entirely surrounded by water.
peninsula
Low, bowl-shaped land with higher ground all around it.
basin
A deep, narrow valley with steep sides.
canyon
The height of the land in relation to sea level.
elevation
Difference in elevation
relief
Water beneath Earth's surface.
groundwater
The place where a river begins.
source
The deepest part of a river or other body of water.
channel
The place where a river empties into a larger body of water.
mouth
A stream or river that flows into a larger stream or river.
tributary
A river and its tributaries.
river system
The land drained by a river system.
drainage basin
The gradual wearing away of Earth's surface.
erosion
The triangle-shaped land at a river's mouth.
delta
Any form of water, such as rain, sleet, or snow, that falls to Earth's surface.
precipitation
The kind of weather a place has over a long time.
climate
The amound of moisture in the air.
humidity
A funnel-shaped, spinning windstorm, sometimes called a cyclone or twister.
tornado
A huge tropical storm with heavy rains and winds of a least 74 miles per hour.
hurricane
A long period of little or no rain.
drought
Something found in nature that people can use.
natural resource
Somthing that people make or grow, usually to sell.
product
Not abundant
scarce
A natural substance found in rocks.
mineral
A natural resource, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, burned to make heat or energy.
fuel
The protection of natural resources and the using of them wisely.
conservation
Able to be made or grown again by nature or people.
renewable
To use again.
recycle
Not able to be made or grown again quickly by nature or by people.
nonrenewable
The act of making a natural resource, such as air, soil or water, dirty or unsafe to use.
pollution
To put into groups.
classify
The low, flat land along a river.
floodplain

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