SPED 400 Test 3
Terms
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- To describe deaf as a disability it is spelled...
- deaf
-
To describe Deaf as a culture it is spelled
- Deaf
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True or False
The sense of hearing is a complex and not completely understood process
- True
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What are the 4 steps taken to create hearing?
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o The auricle funnels sound waves into the auditory canal
o Variations in sound pressure cause the eardrum to move in and out
o The vibrations of the bones of the middle ear transmit energy t - If a student is unable to hear even after the use of a hearing aid
- deafness
- significant hearing loss that makes special adaptation necessary
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Hard of hearing
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True or False
Many persons who are deaf do not view hearing loss as a disability
- True
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Hearing loss present at birth due to:
o Genetic Factors
o Maternal Rubella
o Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
o Premature birth
- Congenital hearing loss
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Hearing loss that occurs after birth
Prelingual hearing loss: occurs before speech develops
Postlingual hearing loss: occurs after speech develops
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Acquired hearing loss
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Name four causes of acquired hearing loss
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• Otitis Media: ear infections
• Meningitis
• Meniere’s Disease
• Noise Exposure
- Levels of functioning for deafness/hearing loss is influenced by
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• Degree of hearing loss
• Attitudes of parents and siblings
• Opportunities to acquire a first language
• The presence of other disabilities
< -
True or false
Deafness itself imposes limitations on the cognitive capabilities of the individual
- False
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True or False
The extent to which a child successfully interacts depends largely on other’s attitudes and the child’s ability to communicate in some mutually accepted way
- True
- How many people out of every 1000 have a chronic hearing loss?
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95 out of every 1000 people
- How many children out of 1000 have an educationally significant hearing loss?
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83 out of a 1000 children
- About what % of students who are deaf or hard of hearing have another disabling condition
- 25%
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Three educational approaches to deafness/hearing loss
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• Oral/Aural Approaches
• Total Communication
• American Sign Language (ASL) and the Bilingual-Bicultural Approach - Approximately of children who are deaf or hard of hearing attend local public schools
- 84%
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Supports and technology for deafness/hearing loss
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• Interpreters
• Speech-to-text translation
• Television captioning
• Text telephones
• Alerti
- Technologies and Supports that Amplify, Provide, Supplement, or Replace sound
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Hearing aids
Assistive hearing devices
Cochlear implants
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unilateral deafness
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deaf in one ear
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bilateral deafness
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deaf in both ears
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o Dysfunction of bones, joints, limbs, and associated muscles
o Dysfunction of central nervous system affecting movement
o Adversely affecting educational performance
- Orthopedic Impairments (OI)
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o Limited strength, vitality, or alertness due to chronic or acute health problems
o Adversely affecting educational performance
- Other Health Impairment (OHI)
- Name some causes of physical disabilities due to health impairments other then Orthopedic impairments:
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• Heart Condition
• Tuberculosis
• Rheumatic fever
• Nephritis (kidney)
• Asthma
• Sickle ce -
True or false
Children with physical disabilities are more alike than they are different.
- False
- Name the two factors of physical disabilities that affect educational needs:
-
Age of onset
The visibility of the impairment
- A person whose visual acuity is 20/20 or less after the best possible correction with glasses or contact lenses is considered legally blind
- Blindness
- A person whose vision is restricted to an area of 20 degrees or less
- Legally blind
- Receives no used information through the sense of vision
- Totally blind
- Learns primarily through the auditory channel
- Functionally blind
- Uses vision as primary means of learning
- Low vision
- Cognition and language: difficulty to see connections between experiences Motor develoment and mobility: delays and deficits in motor development Social adjustment and interaction
- Characteristics of people with visual impairments
- Fewer than 2 children in 1000 have visual impairments
- True
- Almost 1/2 of school age children with visual impairments also have another disability
- True
- Myopia
- Nearsightedness
- Hyperopia
- Farsightedness
- 86% of children are educated in public schools
- True7.5% of schools are children with visual impairments attend residential schools
- Occurring after an individual has developed the use of language
- Postlingual
- Occurring before an individual has developed the use of language
- Prelingual
- able to speak two languages with the facility of a native speaker.
- Bilingual
- of, pertaining to, or combining two cultures.
- Bicultural
- Permanent disorder of voluntary movement and posture
- Cerebral Polsy
- The most common physical disability
- Cerebral polsy
- A permanent condition resulting from a lesion to the brain or an abnormality growth in the brain
- Cerebral Polsy
- Does not get progressively worse It is not a disease, fatal, contageious, or inheirted
- Cerebral polsy
- 1/3 of children with Cerebral palsy have normal or above normal intelligence
- True
- What is the ratio of children with Cerebral palsy who have mild cognitive delay
- 1/3
- 1/3 of the children with cerebral palsy have severe mental retardation
- True
- injuries or low oxygen levels are the causes of?
- Cerebral Palsy
- what is the population that has cerebral palsy
- 1.5 in 1000 births
- What percent of all individuals with CP have spastic cerebral palsy which is characterized by tense, contracted muscles (hypertonia)
- 50-60%
- A birth defect in the vertebra in which part of the vertebra is exposed.
- Spina Bifida
- True or Flase: Fluid builds up in the brain for spina bifida is treated by a shunt
- True
- Progressive weatkening and degeneration of the muscles
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Caused by frature, stretching or compression of spinal cord and can often result in paralysis below affected vertabra
- Spinal Cord injuries
- Caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain
- Epilepsy
- Chronic disorder of metabolism in which the body is unable to break down sugar
- Diabetes
- Diabetes is treated with what three things?
- Insulin, diet, and exercise
- Chronic lung disease resulting in a narrowing of airways
- Asthma
- What Other Health Impairment is the leading cause of absenteeism in school?
- Asthma
- Genetic disorder resulting affecting pulmonary and digestive systems
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is also known as?
- AIDS
- Person is unable to resist infections because of a breakdown in the immune system
- AIDS
- True or flase: Saliva, nasal secretions, sweat, tears, urine, and vomit do not transmit HIV unless blood is visible
- True
- List three educational approaches for physical disabilities
- Interdisciplinary team of teachers, therapists, and health specialists
- 1948 case in which the court decided that a school district has obligated to provide clean intermittent catheterization to a young child with spina bifida
- Irving Independent School Distric v Tatro (1948)
- A case in which nursing services such as a tracheotomy, positioning of wheel chair, catherteriation, and assistance with food and drink
- Cedar Rapids Community School District v Garret F. (1999)
- The two cases are used as a standard for which test, in which states that if a licensed physician is required to do a service then it is not the schools responsibility to pay for it
- Bright-line test
- ADHD fall under which special education category?
- Other health impairments
- what is the percent of school children who have ADHD?
- 3 to 5%
- What two treatment approaches are there for ADHD?
- Drug therapy and behaviroal intervention
- What are the percentages of people with ADHD? For example the inattentive?
- 50% are diagnosed with both 30% are inattentive/dreamer 20% are hyperactive/impulsive
- What percent of ADHD have a learning disability
- 25-70%
- True or False: Children who are not served under IDEA can use Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
- True
- What percent of adolescents with ADHD develop at least one additional behavioral problem
- 60%
- ADHD reflects to much or to little?
- To much
- ADD reflects to much or to little?
- To little
- What is the percentage of children who respond positively to Ridolin?
- 70-80%
- What is the ratio of boys more likely to suffer from ADHD than girls?
- 3 to 10 times more likely
- Symptoms are present before age 7 Symtoms must be present in two or more settings Symptoms must cause impairment in social, academic or occupational function
- Use of symptoms to determine ADHD
- True or false: Self-monitoring and self-control must be taught and reinforced with students with ADHD
- True