ASTR 121
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1) If atoms are spherical with a radius of 10-8 cm, then, roughly, how many atoms in a sphere one centimeter in radius (the volume of a sphere is 4ϬR3/3)
a) 108atoms
b) 1016atoms
c) 1024atoms
d) 1029atoms
e) 1032atoms - c) 1024atoms
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2) The kinetic energy of any object, large or small, is given by mv2/2. If temperature is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms, then if we double the velocity of the atoms how much does the temperature change?
a) 1/4 as much
b) 1/2 as muc - d) increases 4 times
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3) The pressure of a gas goes as the momentum. If we double the velocity of the atoms, the pressure changes as?
a) 1/4 as much
b) 1/2 as much
c) stays the same
d) doubles
e) increases 4 times - d) doubles
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4) If instead of changing the velocity, we halve the mass the atoms (change the gas to a lighter substance), how does the pressure change?
a) 1/4 as much
b) 1/2 as much
c) stays the same
d) doubles
e) increases 4 times - b) 1/2 as much
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5) And if we halve the mass of the atoms, how does the temperature change?
a) 1/4 as much
b) 1/2 as much
c) stays the same
d) doubles
e) increases 4 times - b) 1/2 as much
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6) The alpha particle is made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. For a proton and an alpha particle traveling at the same velocity, what is the kinetic energy of the alpha particle compared to the proton?
a) 1/4
b) 1/2
c) the same
d) twice
e) - e) 4 times as much
- 7) The quantum of light is called a photon. The energy of an individual photon is given by E=hc/λ, where h is Planck\'s constant, c is the speed of light and λ is the wavelength of the photon (in cgs units, h is 6.62x10-27 cm2 gm/sec and c is 3.0x1010cm
- c) 2.1x10-12 ergs
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8) What is the energy of a blue photon of 4000 Angstroms?
a) 5.0x10-6 ergs
b) 5.0x10-8 ergs
c) 5.0x10-10 ergs
d) 5.0x10-12 ergs
e) 5.0x10-14 ergs - d) 5.0x10-12 ergs
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9) The photoelectric effect is when photons knock electrons off of atoms to make an electric current. If the energy needed to knock an electron off is 4.36x10-12 ergs, what wavelength of light is needed?
a) 3,100 Angstroms
b) 4,555 Angstroms
- b) 4,555 Angstroms
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10) How much more energetic is a x-ray photon of wavelength 1 Angstrom to a microwave photon of wavelength 5 cms?
a) 10,000 times
b) 1 million times
c) 20 million times
d) 500 million times
e) 3 billion times - d) 500 million times
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1) How many Mercury `years\' makes one Earth year?
a) 1.12
b) 2.56
c) 3.45
d) 4.16
e) 9.11 - d) 4.16
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2) How many Mercury `days\' make up a Mercury `year\'?
a) 365
b) 180
c) 5
d) 1.5
e) 1 - d) 1.5
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3) How many Saturn `days\' in a Saturn `year\'?
a) 1
b) 365
c) 1,000
d) 25,807
e) 1,776,554 - d) 25,807
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4) A new planet Vulcan is discovered that is always on the opposite side of the Sun from the Earth. Which of the following is true
a) its orbital period is 1 year
b) its distance to the Sun is 1 A.U.
c) it never transits the Sun
d) its pro - e) all of the above
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5) The time to send a radio signal to Uranus is
a) 1 minute
b) 8 minutes
c) 2.7 hours
d) 1.5 days
e) 84.01 years - c) 2.7 hours
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6) Asteroids are thought to be a planet that did not form. If this planet had formed its orbital period would have been
a) 0.5 years
b) 1.0 years
c) greater than 2 and less than 11 years
d) greater than 11 years
e) greater than 247 year - c) greater than 2 and less than 11 years
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7) If a planet were discovered in Venus orbit with a mass of 20 Earth masses, it will probably be a
a) terrestrial world
b) jovian world - b) jovian world
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8) If a planet is discovered around another star, and it has rings, its probably a
a) terrestrial world
b) jovian world - b) jovian world
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9) The volume of a sphere is 4ϬR3/3. Jupiter is about 11 Earth radii. How many Earth\'s can fit inside of Jupiter? (hint: divide the volume of Jupiter using Earth radii by the volume of the Earth, where Earth radius is 1)
a) 11
b) 109
c) 1,3 - c) 1,331
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10) The planet with the longest day is
a) Mercury
b) Venus
c) Mars
d) Jupiter
e) Saturn - b) Venus
- How do you measure the average density of a planet?
- its mass divided by its volume
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Light is an electromagnetic wave in that it
a)is made of magnetized electrons moving back and forth
b)can be generated by the motions of electrical charges
c)travels through water in microscopic oscillations
d)carries no energy - b) can be generated by the motions of electrical charges.
- When a photon interacts with an atom, what changes occur in the atom?
- An electron changes its orbital
- Gamma rays travel from
- 10-7 - 0.01nm
- X-rays travel from
- 0.01 - 10nm
- Ultraviolet radiation travels from
- 10 - 300nm
- Visible light travels from
- 400 - 700nm
- Infrared radiation travels from
- 1 - 10 to the third micrometers
- Microwaves travel from
- 1 - 100 millimeters