ch.16 Science terms
Terms
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- A state of matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape.
- solid
- A substance that is made up of crystals in which particles are arranged in a regular repeating pattern.
- crystalline solid
- A solid made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern.
- amorphous solid
- A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.
- liquid
- Any substance that can flow.
- fluid
- The resistance of a liquid to flowing.
- viscosity
- A state of matter with no definite shape or volume.
- gas
- The average energy of motion in the molecules of a substance
- temperature
- The force that something exerts over a given area; also, the outward push of a gas against a container divided by the area of the walls of the container.
- pressure
- The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature;when volume increases,pressure decreases.
- Boyle's law
- The relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at constant pressure; when temperature increases, volume increases.
- Charles's law
- A diagram that shows how two variables are related .
- graph
- A term used to describe the relationship between two variables whose graph is a straight line passing through the point.
- directly proportional
- A term used to describe the relationship between two variables whose graph forms a curve that slopes downward.
- vary inversely
- The total energy of motion in the molecules of a substance.
- thermal energy
- A form of energy that comes from chemical bonds.
- chemical energy
- The principle that the total amount of energy remains the same during physical or chemical change.
- law of conservation of energy
- The change in state from a solid to a liquid.
- melting
- The change in state from a liquid to a solid.
- freezing
- The change of state from a liquid to a gas.
- vaporization
- The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to the gaseous state.
- evaporation
- The process that occurs when vaporization takes place inside a liquid as well as on the surface.
- boiling
- The process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid water; also the change of state from a gas to a liquid.
- condensation
- The change in state from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state.
- sublimation
- A process in which a substance undergoes chemical changes, forming new substances with different properties than the original.
- chemical reaction