Biology 150
Terms
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- sympatric speciation
- ranges overlap significantly, gene flow is not prevented by geography
- hybrid weakness
- survives to adult stage but has low fitness
- reproductive isolating mechanisms
- Any heritable feature of body form, function, or behavior that prevents interbreeding between two or more populations; sets the stage for genetic divergences.
- adaptive radiation
- evolutionary process that creates groups of distinct but related species that are well suited to their respective environments
- autotrophs
- "self-nourishing" (usually photosynthetic)
- Parapatric speciation
- ranges touch but do not overlap significantly, gene flow usually small
- Fundamental niche
- the conceivable niche space (the niche an organism would occupy if there were no competiton
- NADH
- The reduced form of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). This is the most common electron carrier in cellular respiration.
- ADP
- an ester of adenosine that is converted to ATP for energy storage, Similar structure to ATP but has only 2 phosphate groups. Partly charged
- Realized niche
- the actura occupied niche space (niche limited by competitors)
- speciation
- The process by which a new species evolves from a prior species, the most basic process in macroevolution.
- cyanobacteria
- predominantly photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms containing a blue pigment in addition to chlorophyll
- oxidation
- loss of electrons - oxidized molecules have been de-energized. (energy is released).
- Hybrid inviablility
- hybrid dies during development
- post-zygotic
- Reproductive barriers that stop reproduction after fertilization (i.e. after the zygote forms)
- allopatric speciation
- ranges do not touch or overlap, no gene flow
- hybrid sterility
- hybrid robust but sterile
- pre-zygotic
- Reproductive barriers that occur before fertilization of an egg (i.e. before the zygote)
- resource partitioning
- a behavioral response in which to avoid competition, species tend to inhabit different optimal zones to divide up resources
- heterotrophs
- "other-nourishing" feed on bodies of other creatures-living or dead
- character displacement
- type of competition; 2 competitors compete for resources in an E, and have a large overlap of those used; when they come into contact, each specializes on diff resources to elim the competitive interxns resulting in DIVERGENCE...NOT RECIPROCAL, BUT TEMPORARY.
- ATP
- Adenosine triphosphate, the energy molecule of the cell.
- NADPH
- electron carrier that provides high-energy electrons for photosynthesis (made during electron transport chain/stage 2 of photosynthesis)
- reduction
- gain of electrons - reduced molecules have been energized. (this requires energy input).