Gastroenterology Root Words
Terms
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- abdomin/o
- abdomen, abdominal
- append/o, appendic/o
- appendix
- bilirubin/o
- yellow bile pigment, bilirubin
- bil/i
- bile
- cardi/o
- esophageal opening of stomach
- cec/o
- cecum
- celi/o
- abdomen
- chol/e, chol/o
- bile
- cholecyst/o
- gallbladder
- choledoch/o
- common bile duct
- cirrh/o
- orange/yellow
- col/o
- colon
- enter/o
- intestine
- esophag/o
- esophagus
- gastr/o
- stomach, abdomen
- hepat/o
- liver
- herni/o
- hernia, rupture, protrusion of a part of structure through the tissues containing it
- ile/o
- ileum, groin, longest portion of the small intestine
- inguin/o
- groin
- jejun/o
-
1. portion of small intestine between the duodenum and ileum
2. jejunum, jejunal - oment/o
- omentum
- omphal/o
- the umbilicus, the navel
- peritone/o
- peritoneum
- pharyng/o
- pharynx
- pylor/o
- pylorus
- sigmoid/o
- sigmoid, usually the sigmoid colon
- splanchn/i, splanchn/o
- viscera
- splen/o
- spleen
- steat/o
- fat
- typhl/o
- cecum
- viscer/o
- the viscera (L. internal organs)
- cyst/i, cyst/o
-
1. bladder
2. cystic duct
3. cyst - duoden/o
- duodenum
- intestin/o
- intestine
- dyps/o
- thirst
- proct/o
- anus and rectum
- stomat/o
- mouth
- myc/o
- fungus
-
semi - lunar
semilunar -
half - relating to the moon or month
resembling the moon in shape, especially a half moon - lapar/o
- loins (less properly, the abdomen in general)
-
lith/o - tripsy
lithotripsy -
stone - rubbing, crushing
the crushing of a stone in the renal pelvis, ureter, or bladder, by mechanical force or focused sound energy -
ile/o - sigmoid/o - ostomy
ileosigmoidostomy -
ilium - s-shaped, sigmoid colon - an opening (surgical or artificial)
anatsomosis between the ileum and the rectum -
gastr/o - pexy
gastropexy -
stomach - surgical fixation
attachment of the stomach to the abdominal wall or diaphragm -
celi/o - tomy
celiotomy -
abdomen - incision, operation with cutting
transabdominal incicions into the peritoneal cavity -
amyl/o - phagia
amylophagia -
starch - eating
a morbid craving for starch -
appendic/o - al
appendiceal -
appendix - pertaining to, relating to
relating to an appendix -
chol/e - cyst
cholecyst -
bile - bladder, cyst, cystic duct
a pear-shaped receptacle on the inferior surface of the liver, in a hollow between the right lobe and the quadrate lobe; it serves as a storage reservoir for bile -
chol/e - cyst/o - itis
cholecystitis -
bile - bladder, cyst, cystic duct - inflammation
inflammation of the gallbladder -
dys-phagia
dysphagia -
bad, difficult - eating, devouring
difficulty in swallowing -
epi - gastr/o - ium
epigastrium -
upon, following, subsequent to - stomach, abdomen - structure, tissue
the region of the abdomen located between the costal margins and the subcostal plane -
esophag/o - gastr/o - duoden/o - scopy
esophagogastroduodenoscopy -
esophageal - stomach, abdomen - duodenum - use of a viewing instrument
endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, usually performed using a fiberoptic instrument -
gastr/o - enter/o - col/o - itis
gastroenterocolitis -
stomach, abdomen - intestine - colon - inflammation
inflammatory disease involving the stomach and intestines -
gastr/o - instestin/o - al
gastrointestinal -
stomach, abdomen - intestine - pertaining to, relating to
relating to the stomach and the intestines -
gastr/o - tropic
gastrotropic -
stomach - turning toward
affecting the stomach -
gingiv/o - gloss/o - itis
gingivoglossitis -
gums - tongue - inflammation
inflammation of both the gingival tissues and tongue -
hepat/o - splen/o - megaly
hepatosplenomegaly -
liver - spleen - enlargement
enlargement of the liver and spleen -
odyn/o - phagia
odynophagia -
pain - eating, devouring
pain on swallowing -
organ/o - megaly
organomegaly -
organ - large
abnormal enlargement of the viscera, such as may be seen in acromegaly and other disorders -
pancreat - emphraxis
pancreatemphraxis -
pancreas - stoppage
obstruction in the pancreatic duct, causing swelling of the gland -
poly - dyps/o - ia
polydipsia -
many, much - thirst - relating to, pertaining to
excessive thirst that is relatively prolonged -
proct/o - logy
proctology -
anus and rectum - study of
surgical specialty concerned with the anus and rectum and their diseases -
steat/o - rrhea
steatorrhea -
fat - discharge
passage of fat in large amounts in the feces, due to failure to digest and absorb it -
stomat/o - myc/o - osis
stomatomycosis -
mouth - fungus - abnormal condition
disease of the mouth due to a fungus -
extra - hepat/o - ic
extrahepatic -
without, outside of - liver - pertaining to, relating to
outside of, or unrelated to, the liver