20.2 Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
Terms
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- hypothalamus
- regulates the internal environment through the autonomic system
- pituitary gland
- endocrine gland that lies just inferior to the hypothalamus; consists of the anterior and the posterior pituitary
- posterior pituitary
- portion of the pituitary gland that stores and secretes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone which are produced by the hypothalamus
- oxytocin
- causes uterine contraction during childbirth and milk letdown when a baby is nursing
- anterior pituitary
- portion of the pituitary gland that is controlled by the hypothalamus and produces six types of hormones, some of which control other endocrine glands
- pituitary dwarfism
- too little GH during childhood; perfect proportions but small structure
- acromegaly
- GH overproduced in the adult; hands, feet, nose, and chin become overly large
- Posterior pituitary secretes what hormones?
- Oxytocin and Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Anterior Pituitary secrete which hormones?
-
1. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
2. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
3. gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH) - melanoctye-stimulating hromones (MSH)
- causes skin color changes in fish; very low in humans
- Growth Hormone (GH)
- promotes skeletal and muscular growth