Endocrine System (Fill in)
Terms
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- The products of the encocrine glands are
- hormones
- Steroid hormones are lipid molecules synthesized from
- cholesterol
- All hormones are transported in the body by the
- blood
- Estrogen, progesterone, and cortisol are examples of
- steroid hormones
- When nonsteroid hormones interat with cells they may affect the activity of an enzyme called
- adenyl cyclase
- The pituitary gland lies in the saddle of a sphenoid bone called the
- sella turcica
- The hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland are produced by a portion of the brain called the
- hypothalamus
- Another name ofr the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is
- adenohypophysis
- Oversecretion of the human growth hormone during childhood results in
- gigantism
- The thyroid gland is located in the tissues of the
- neck
- In order to produce thyroxin, the diet must contain
- iodine
- Insufficient secretion of thyroxin in infants and children can result in a disease called
- cretinism
- An excess of thyroxin can result in a condition known as
- Grave's disease
- The hormone TSH is secreted by the pituitary gland and has an effect on the
- thyroid gland
- The hormone that acts on the mammary glands and stimulates the production of milk is called
- prolactin
- One hormone of the posterior pituitary gland acts on the kidney tubules and is called
- antidiuretic hormone
- The hormone whose target tissue is the uterus where it induces contractions is called
- oxytocin
- In absence of dietary iodine, the ghyroid gland swells and produces a condition called
- goiter
- The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the
- thyroid gland
- Parathyroid hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands regulates the body's level of
- calcium
- The calcium-regulating hormone of the thyroid gland is called
- calcitonin
- The large glandular organ of the abdominal cavity beneath the stomach is the
- pancreas
- Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas produces an insufficient supply of
- insulin
- Insulin promotes cell uptake of
- glucose
- When a person has not eaten, the pancreas produces the hormone
- glucagon
- Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreas known as
- beta cells
- The adrenal glands may be found on the superior borders of the
- kidneys
- The outer tissue of the adrenal gland is known as the
- cortex
- Aldosterone is an example of adrenal hormones called
- mineralocorticoids
- The metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fats is regulated by hormones of the adrenal glands called
- glucocorticoids
- The activity of the adrenal is regulated by an anterior pituitary hormone abbreviated as
- ACTH
- An insufficient secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex may result in the disease called
- Addison's disease
- Another name for the parathyroid hormone is
- parathormone
- The hormone insulin is composed exclusively of
- protein
- The function of the hormone glucagon is to stimulate the breakdown of the carbohydrate
- glycogen
- The innner tissue of the adrenal gland is called the
- medulla
- The concentration of electrolytes in the body is regulated by the adrenal hormones called
- mineralocorticoids
- An important hormone of the adrenal medulla which functions in the "fight or flight" response is called
- epinephrine
- Oversecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex can result in
- Cushing's syndrome
- The corpus luteum of a woman secretes the hormone
- progesterone
- The small endocrine gland located in the midbrain that secretes melatonin is the
- pineal gland
- The thymus gland plays an important role in the development of white blood cells called
- T-lymphocytes
- Numerous cells in various organs of the body secrete lipid hormones called
- prostaglandins
- The hormone erythropoetin functions during the maturation of
- red blood cells
- Hormones from the ovearies influence the secondary sex characteristics of the
- female
- The hormone that is believed to regulate matin behavior and day-night cycle is called
- melatonin
- Female sex hormones are known as
- estrogens
- The location of the pineal gland is within the
- brain
- The maturation and development of T-lymphocytes is regulated by hormones called
- thymosins
- The hormones gastrin and secretion function in the process of
- digestion