Sience: Nervous System, Skeletal, & Muscular System
Terms
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- cerebrum
- responsible for voluntary actions
- synapse
- the place where chemicals pass signals from one neuron to the next
- meninges
- wrapped in 3 layers of connective tissues
- tissue
- consist of groups of similar cells that perform a single function
- immune system
- serves as a barrier against infection or injury
- thalamus
- receives messages from all of the sensory receptors throughout the brain; gateway from PNS to CNS
- axon
- the long fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body
- dendrites
- spreading out from the cell body are short, branched extensions
- stimulants
- increase the actions regulated by the nervous system
- ossification
- bone formation
- muscular system
- together with the skeletal system, gives the body the ability to move
- actin
- thin filaments containing this protein
- skeletal system
- includes bones, ligaments, cartilage, and tendons
- endocrine system
- controls growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction
- myosin
- thick filaments containing this protein
- neuromuscular junction
- point of contrast between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle cell
- neurotransmitters
- are chemicals used by by a neuron to transmit and impulse across the synapse
- resting potential
- neuron not conducting an impulse
- joint
- one bone attaches to another
- epithelial tissue
- includes glands, and tissues that cover interior and exterior body surfaces
- haversion canals
- contain blood vessels and nerves
- cerebellum
- responsible for involuntary actions
- taste buds
- detect taste
- muscle tissue
- enables the body to move
- nervous tissue
- transmits nerve impulses throughout the body
- digestive system
- converts food into simple molecules
- connective tissue
- provides support for the body and connects its parts
- tendons
- connective tissue that joins skeletal muscles and bones
- brain stem
- connects brain to spinal cord, bodies most important functions
- depressants
- decrease the rate of function regulated by the brain
- excretory system
- includes kidneys, lungs, and urinary bladder
- bone marrow
- cavaties with soft tissue
- cones
- distinguish color
- ligaments
- hold bones together in a joint
- photoreceptors
- convert light energy into nerve impulses that are carried to CNS
- acetylcholine
- diffuse across the synapse producing an impulse in the cell membrane of muscular fiber
- threshold
- minimum level of a stimulus that is required to activate a neuron
- hypothalamus
- responsible for hunger and thirst
- rods
- do not distinguish colors
- cartilage
- connective tissue the embryo is made of
- cell body
- the largest part of a typical nueron
- myelin sheath
- axon is surronded by
- reflex
- a quick, automatic response to a stimulus
- action potential
- when conducting electrical impulse
- cochlea
- vibrations of the oval window create pressure waves in the fluid filled
- circulatory system
- includes heart, blood vessels, and blood
- periosteum
- tough layer of connective tissue
- nervous system
- includes brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervs
- organ
- consist of groups of tissues that work together to perform a single function
- neurons
- cells that transmit impulses
- cerebrospinal fluid
- bathes the brain and spinal cord and acts as a shock absorber that protects the CNS
- respiratory system
- brings oxygen to the body and rids the body of carbon dioxide
- organ system
- consist of organs that perform closely related functions
- sensory receptors
- react to a specific stimulus by sending impulses to other neurons and CNS
- feedback inhibition
- process by which new information changes an original process