Random Emergency Medicine Pearls
Terms
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- What are the 5 classic signs and symptoms of thrombotic thrombocytopenic pupura (TTP)?
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Fever
Anemia (microangiopathic hemolytic)
Thrombocytopenia
Renal insufficiency
Neurologic symptoms - What is Beck's triad?
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JVD
Hypotension
Muffled heart sounds - What is the initial dose of blood given to children?
- 10 mL/kg of PRBCs
- What is Kienbock's disease?
- Avascular necrosis of the lunate with lunate collapse due to fracture
- What is the most common location for impacted urinary stones?
- Ureterovesical junction (UVJ)
- What are the admission criteria for renal colic?
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Infection with concurrent obstruction
Solitary kidney and complete obstruction
Uncontrolled pain
Intractable emesis - What are the risk factors for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
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Multiple sexual partners
Sexual abuse
Young age
HIV-1 infection
Bacterial vaginosis
History of STDs
Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
Frequent vaginal douching - How do you treat high altitude cerebral edema (HACE)?
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Immediate descent or evacuation
Oxygen
Dexamethasone
Furosemide
Intubation, hyperventilation, and mannitol in severe cases - How do you treat high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE)?
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Immediate descent
Oxygen
Nifedipine
Morphine
Furosemide - How do you treat acute mountain sickness (AMS)?
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Delay ascent and allow acclimatization, if mild
Immediate descent, if symptoms persist or worsen
Oxygen
Acetazolamide - What organism is the most common cause of malignant otitis externa?
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- A man with acute neck pain describes an axial loading mechanism of injury. On the odontoid view of his C-spine XR, the lateral masses of C1 are displaced. What is the diagnosis?
- Jefferson's fracture (burst fracture of C1)
- What is the most sensitive physical examination test for ACL injuries?
- Lachman's test
- Which medications are commonly associated with rhabdomyolysis?
- Diuretics, statin lipid-lowering drugs, narcotics, theophylline, corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, phenothiazines, and tricyclic antidepressants
- What are the most serious complications of rhabdomyolysis?
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Acute renal failure
Hyperkalemia