Emergency 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
-
Whole blood is indicated over packed red blood cells in which case?
Acute blood loss during sx, disseminated intravascular coagulation, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, acute blood loss caused by trauma -
DIC: Disseminated intravascular coagulation;
platelets are needed but not present in packed red blood cells - A 3 yr. old female cat is brought to your hospital with petechiae on her abdomen, bleeding gums, and lethargy. What is the most likely cause of these signs?
- Rat poison exposure
- What is the minimal mean arterial blood pressure at which adequate perfusion is maintained to the brain and heart?
- 60mmHg
-
According to the principles of triage, which patient should first be seen by the vet?
Cat w/a closed fracture, dog in respiratory distress, dog w/otitis externa, cat w/a small laceration on a pad - dog in respiratory distress
- A patient comes to your clinic apneic and cyanotic. A quick oral exam reveals a hard ball lodged in the glottal opening. You should:
- Perform the Heimlic maneuver; if unsucessful, prepare the patient for tracheotomy
- Inducing emesis after ingestion of a solid toxin is probably no longer of value after how much time has elapsed since ingestion?
-
1-4 hrs;
the toxin has been absorbed into the system - What should the ventilation rate be during cardiopulmonary arrest in a cat?
- 25-30/min
-
During cardiopulmonary arrest, which route is the least effective for drug administration?
Intraosseous, IT, IM, IV - IM
-
Which would be considered the least important physical measure evaluated during triage of a patient?
HR, RR, CRT, weight - weight
- Closed-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation is most effective in dogsweighing up to:
-
20kg;
effective pulses are hard to detect in dogs weighing more than 20kg; it would be necessary to open the chest in these large dogs - Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to be found in a cat with total urethral obstruction?
-
Hyperkalemia;
because potassium cannot be excreted properly -
Which statement concerning status epilepticus is most accurate?
it occurs only in geriatric, it is a life threatening medical emergency, it's treated by admin. ace, it will resolve spontaneously - it is a life threatening medical emergency
- The initial first aid procedure for a patient with heat stroke is:
-
coll water bath;
initial first aid can be performed by pet owners at home -
Signs of impending cardiopulmonary arrest include all of the following except:
alertness, dilated pupils, agonal breathing, no femoral pulse -
alertness;
a patient's mental status is not a reliable indicator of impending arrest - An owner calls your clinic and tells you that his cat has just been hit by a car. You recommend that he:
- immediately bring the cat in to be examined by a vet
-
You are instructing an owner to apply an emergency muzzle to his injured dog. Which is the least approperiate material for the muzzle?
rope, metal chain dog leash, pantyhose, necktie - metal chain dog leash
- The mucous membranes of patients in hemorrhagic shock are what color?
- pale or white
- A dog is considered tachycardic if the heart rate is:
- >180 bpm
- Central venous pressure is used in monitoring:
- hydration status
- Placement of jugular catheter is contraindicated in which situation?
-
Thrombocytopenia;
low platelet count causes more chance of bleeding. The jugular should not be used for fear of causing a large hematoma near the trachea -
First aid for a dog with paraphimosis includes all of the following except:
lubricate the penis, apply ice packs to the penis, apply htpertonic solutions to the penis, apply a warm compress to the penis -
Apply a warm compress to the penis;
it may increase circulation and worsen the paraphimosis -
During triage, which patient should be attended to first?
dog w/a penetrating wound on the abdomen, cat in respiratory arrest, cat w/an intestinal foreign body, dog w/gastric dilation-volvulus -
Cat in respiratory arrest;
respiratory function is an immediate concern - At what rate should fluids be infused IV in a cat in shock?
- 40ml/kg/hr
-
Dehydration is assessed by all of the following except:
moistness of MM, skin turgor, PCV and TP, nasal discharge - nasal discharge
- Crackles on thoracic auscultation indicate:
- fluid in the lungs
-
Which item would be least likely to be found on a crash cart used for emergency situations?
Laryngoscope, IV catheter, oroscope, ambu bag - otoscope
- A free-roaming dog is brought to your clinic for listlessness and dyspnea. When performing venipuncture, you notice that the animal seems to have a prolonged clotting time. You suspect that the patient may have ingested
- anticoagulant rodent poison
- What is normal capillary refill time in dogs?
- 1-2 seconds
-
Signs of organophosphate toxicity include all of the following except:
salivation, lacrimation, dyspnea, dilated pupils -
dilated pupils;
organophosphate toxicity causes miosis - What is normal urinary output for a dog
- 1 ml/kg/hr
- Name three things that are likely to be available for at-home induction of emesis?
-
hydrogen peroxide,
syrup of ipecac,
mustard and water solution - Name a common colloid.
- Hetastarch
-
All of the following should be included in the first aid procedure for epistaxis except:
elevate the nose, warm compress, ice pack, keep the patient quiet -
warm compresses;
they may increase circulation and worsen the epistaxis -
Initial first aid treatment for a dog with an open fracture includes all of the following except:
copiously clean and flush the wound, cover the wound, apply a temporary splint to the limb, make rads of the fracture - radiographs are not first aid measuresand should be made only when wounds are cleaned and the patient's condition is stable
- A 20kg Springer Spaniel is brought in because of anorexia and lethargy. Dehydration is estimated at 8%. The maintenance requirement of fluid is 66ml/kg/day. What is the hourly rate of fluid infusion to provide 2 times daily mainenance requirements?
-
110mL
2(maint)=2(66)=
(132ml/kg/day)(20kg)=2640ml/day
(2640ml/day)/(24hr/day)
=110mL -
Which statement about urethral obstructions in cats is least accurate?
they must always be sedated to pass urinary catheter, sometimes the obstruction can be relieved by massaging tip of penis, slow irregular HR means pigh serum K+ level, if the obs - cats must always be sedated to pass the urinary catheter is false becuase they may be comatose with prolonged obstruction
-
Tissue perfusion can be assessed by all of the following except:
CRT, BP, MM color, temp - temp
- A dog has a lacerated paw pad. The owner has placed a small bandage over the wound, but blood is soaking through. Appropriate tx is to:
-
Apply a pressure bandage over the owner's original bandage;
removing the bandage would remove any clot that had started to form. - At what rate should cardiac compressions be administered to a dog in cardiopulmonary arrest?
- 80-120/min
- An owner describes his male cat as lethargic and constipated; he has observed the cat straining in the litter box. You suspect that the cat is actually suffering from:
- urethral obstruction
-
What is not usually a signof acute gastric dilatation-volvulus?
unproductive attempts to vomit, hypersalivation, abdominal distention, profuse diarrhea - diarrhea
-
When advising an owner to move and injured animal, all of the following are true except:
if a back injury is suspected place him on a board to move, muzzle the injured animal...it may bite when moved, call the vet hospital to notify of arrival time, - give baby asprin to reduce pain
-
An o calls and says that hes Pekingese has suffered a proptosis. Your advice to the o should include all of the following except:
apply pressure to the globe to replace it in the socket, protect the globe from further trauma, keep the globe moist, b - apply pressure to the globe to replace it in the socket
- A dog has been HBC. The o calls and says he has a dangling leg. You recommend to the owner that he:
- Sling the leg, if possible, and bring the pet to te clinic immediately
- A client calls and is worried about her Irish Wolfhound. The dog ran loose in the neighborhood, and it is now retching and pacing the floor. The abdomen looks a liitle distended. What should you do?
- Tell the owner to immediately bring the dog in for exam. Time is important because GDV (bloat) is life threatening!