bio test ch 2
Terms
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- smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by any means
- atom
- a pure substance made of only one kind of atom
- element
- a substance made of the joined atoms of two or more different elements
- compound
- a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
- molecule
- an attraction between substances of the same kind
- cohesion
- an attraction between different substances
- adhesion
- compounds that form hydrogen bonds when dissolved in water
- acids
- compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
- bases
- organic compounds made of carbon,hydrogen, & oxygen atoms
- carbohydrates
- the building blocks of carbohydrates
- monosaccharides
- a large molecule made of many small molecules
- macromolecule
- a large molecule formed by linked smaller moelcules called amino acids
- protein
- the building blocks of proteins
- amino acids
- a long change of smaller molecules called nucleotides
- nucleic acid
- two strands of nucleotides
- DNA
- single strand of nucleotides
- RNA
- a single nucleotide with two extra energy-storing phosphate groups
- ATP
- the energy needed to start a chemical reaction
- activation energy
- substances that increase the speed of chemical reactions
- enzymes
- a substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction
- substrate
- formed pockets on enzymes
- active sites
- chemical bond in which electrons are shared
- covalent bond
- attraction between oppositely charged ions
- ionic bond
- atom or molecule that has lost or gained one or more electrons
- ion
- molecules with an unequal distribution of electrical charge
- polar molecules
- an organic compound that is not soluble in water
- lipid