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Bio 102 exam study guide

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What is the principal hormone that causes phototropism in stems or leaves? a. auxin b. gibberellin c. abscisic acid d. ethylene e. all of these
a. auxin
The plant hormone that is gaseous is a. auxin. b. gibberellin. c. cytokinin. d. ABA. e. ethylene.
e. ethylene.
The first group of plants with flowers were
angiosperms.
All but which of the following would be associated with vascular plants? a. root systems b. mosses c. angiosperms d. gymnosperms e. shoot systems
mosses
The cuticle of a plant is primarily for
retention of water.
A gametophyte is
a gamete-producing plant and haploid.
Which of the following is NOT a trend in plant evolution? a. decreasing dependence on water b. development of vascular tissue c. more time spent in the gametophyte phase d. development of roots e. more time spent in the diploid phase of the life cycl
C. more time spent in the gametophyte phase
Mosses are
bryophytes
Ferns are more advanced than mosses because mosses lack which structure found in ferns? a. spores b. cuticle c. xylem d. sporophytes e. pollen
C. xylem
10. Gymnosperms a. were the first plants not to have swimming sperm and were therefore freed from the need for water to reproduce. b. are divided into two groups, the monocots and dicots. c. were the first plants to develop vascular tissues. d. were
a. were the first plants not to have swimming sperm and were therefore freed from the need for water
Which of the following is NOT a conifer? a. pine b. fir c. cedar d. ginkgo e. a and b are not
d. ginkgo
Pine trees are examples of a. gymnosperms. b. angiosperms. c. bryophytes. d. eudicots. e. none of these
a. gymnosperms
Angiosperms are more advanced than gymnosperms because gymnosperms lack which structure found in angiosperms? a. gametophytes b. pollen grains c. fruits d. roots e. leaves
c. fruits
The flowering plants and gymnosperms differ from all other plants by a. the possession of vascular tissue. b. the presence of cuticles. c. the presence of spores. d. the use of alternation of generation life cycle. e. the production of seeds.
e. the production of seeds.
Plants in general require a total of how many essential elements for their growth and survival? a. 6 b. 12 c. 16 d. 22 e. 28
c. 16
Nodules found on the roots of certain plants are involved in obtaining which element for the plant? a. aluminum b. boron c. magnesium d. nitrogen e. chlorine
d. nitrogen
Mycorrhizae are a. roots. b. bacteria-plant symbiosis. c. fungus-plant symbiosis. d. bacteria. e. small animals found in most soils.
c. fungus-plant symbiosis.
The Casparian strip is associated with the a. epidermis. b. cuticle. c. pericycle. d. root hairs. e. endodermis.
e. endodermis.
The relationships of organisms in root nodules and mycorrhizae can be described as a. unfortunate. b. cohesion. c. symbiotic. d. parasitic. e. predation.
c. symbiotic.
Most of the water that enters the plant a. leaves the plant through the root system. b. is lost through transpiration. c. remains in the plant to form the high concentration of water in plant tissue. d. remains in the plant to function in translocatio
b. is lost through transpiration.
The openings in leaves that function to exchange gases are called a. cuticles. b. stomata. c. guard cells. d. stroma. e. pores.
b. stomata.
The cells that surround the openings in leaves are a. endodermal cells. b. guard cells. c. mesophyll cells. d. pericycle cells. e. good cells.
b. guard cells.
Movement of soluble organic material through plants is known as a. translocation. b. transportation. c. osmosis. d. transpiration. e. none of these
a. translocation.
Sugars are usually carried throughout the plant in which tissue? a. epidermis b. parenchyma c. xylem d. phloem e. endodermis
d. phloem
The source-to-sink theory refers to the movement of sugars a. from the roots to the leaves. b. from the leaves to the roots. c. from the leaves to the flowers. d. a, b, and c are correct e. b and c are correct
e. b and c are correct
Which of the following develops into a seed? a. flower b. ovary c. carpel d. ovule e. stamen
d. ovule
The male part of a flower is the a. carpel. b. stamen. c. petal. d. sepal. e. ovary.
b. stamen.
What name is given to flowers with both stamens and carpels? a. complete b. female c. male d. imperfect e. perfect
e. perfect
The evolution of flowers and their insect pollinators is an example of a. parallel evolution. b. awesome evolution. c. coevolution. d. disevolution. e. nonevolution.
c. coevolution.
Insects are attracted to flowers by a. nectar. b. colors. c. color patterns. d. odors. e. all of these
e. all of these
Which of the following are produced within the anthers? a. ovules b. stamens c. microspores d. megaspores e. none of these
c. microspores
Megaspores a. are haploid. b. give rise to the egg. c. will develop into the gamete. d. are female. e. all of these
e. all of these
The primary function of the endosperm is a. protection. b. reproduction. c. cushion. d. nutrition. e. water absorption.
d. nutrition.
Pollination is complete when pollen makes contact with the a. petal. b. stigma. c. style. d. anther. e. ovule.
b. stigma.
The endosperm is usually a. diploid. b. tetraploid. c. polyploid. d. triploid. e. haploid.
d. triploid.
The embryo is a. diploid. b. tetraploid. c. polyploid. d. triploid. e. haploid.
a. diploid.
What kind of fruit is formed from separate ovaries of separate flowers? a. aggregate b. simple c. multiple d. fleshy e. dry
c. multiple
The primary purpose of fruits is a. attracting pollinators. b. providing nutrients to seeds. c. protecting the seeds from animals. d. dispersing the seeds. e. providing nutrients to animals.
d. dispersing the seeds.
Increases in stem length occur at the a. vascular cambium. b. root cap. c. secondary tissues. d. apical meristem. e. lateral meristem.
d. apical meristem.
Cells that are responsible for transporting water in the plant are a. phloem. b. xylem. c. sieve tubes. d. parenchyma. e. all of these
b. xylem.
The cells that work with the sieve tubes are the a. vessel members. b. companion cells. c. adjunct cells. d. xylem. e. tracheids.
b. companion cells.
Which statement is NOT true of monocot plants? a. They do not usually undergo secondary growth. b. They have parallel leaf veins. c. Their vascular bundles are scattered throughout the ground tissue. d. Their flower parts are in multiples of 4 or 5.
d. Their flower parts are in multiples of 4 or 5.
The stalk that supports the individual eudicot leaf is the a. blade. b. petiole. c. node. d. sheath. e. stomata.
b. petiole.
Inside the leaf there are 2 main types of photosynthetic cells called a. mesophyll cells. b. endodermal cells. c. xylem cells. d. epidermal cells. e. none of these
a. mesophyll cells.
Roots are involved in all the following activities EXCEPT a. support. b. food storage. c. food production. d. anchorage. e. absorption.
c. food production.
48. Extensions of root epidermis cells that are used to increase surface area for absorption are called a. adventitious roots. b. endodermis roots. c. nodules. d. root hairs. e. pericycle roots.
d. root hairs.
Annual growth rings are formed in woody stems through cellular division (mitosis) of the a. apical meristem. b. bark. c. vascular cambium. d. mesophyll cells. e. endodermis.
c. vascular cambium.
Secondary xylem is formed in association with the a. apical meristem. b. inner ring of the vascular cambium. c. outer ring of the vascular cambium. d. inner ring of the epidermis. e. outer ring of the epidermis.
b. inner ring of the vascular cambium
Which environment would be most likely to produce trees without annual rings? a. tropical rain forest b. North American evergreen forest (stay green all year) c. areas with alternating wet and dry seasons d. North American deciduous forests (lose leav
a. tropical rain forest
Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common region of the plant body. Select the exception. a. leaf b. root cap c. node d. axillary bud e. stem
b. root cap
The area of a tree that provides the most strength for the tree and allows it to grow to great heights is called a. sapwood. b. heartwood. c. phloem tissue. d. bark. e. roots
b. heartwood.
Plants need which of the following for photosynthesis? a. H2O b. CO2 c. O2 d. both O2 and CO2 e. both H2O and CO2
e. both H2O and CO2
All of the following statements are true EXCEPT a. photons are packages of light energy. b. the longer the wavelength of light, the more energy it has. c. chlorophyll absorbs energy from light. d. photons with different energy levels produce different
b. the longer the wavelength of light, the more energy it has.
Chlorophyll reflects (does not absorb) which color of light? a. red b. yellow c. orange d. green e. blue
d. green
57. The flow of what particle across the thylakoid membrane drives the production of ATP? a. electrons b. hydrogen ions (protons) c. oxygen ions d. carbon dioxide e. phosphate ions
b. hydrogen ions (protons)
The oxygen released in photosynthesis comes from a. carbon dioxide. b. glucose. c. ribulose bisphosphate. d. water. e. atmospheric oxygen.
d. water.
Photolysis replaces electrons to a. the cyclic pathway of the light-dependent reaction. b. photosystem I. c. the cyclic pathway of the light-independent reaction. d. the noncyclic pathway of photosystem II. e. the noncyclic pathway of photosystem I.
d. the noncyclic pathway of photosystem II.
The electrons that are passed to NADP+ during noncyclic pathways were originally obtained from a. chlorophyll. b. CO2. c. glucose. d. sunlight. e. ATP.
a. chlorophyll.
In the cyclic pathway, the final electron acceptor is a. NADP+. b. ATP. c. p700. d. p680. e. H2O
c. p700.
The first compound produced from fixing CO2 in the light-independent reactions is a. phosphoglycerate (PGA). b. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). c. phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL). d. glucose. e. oxaloacetate.
a. phosphoglycerate (PGA).
The molecule that reacts with carbon dioxide at the beginning of the Calvin–Benson cycle is a. phosphoglycerate (PGA). b. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). c. phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL). d. glucose. e. oxaloacetate.
b. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).
The Calvin-Benson cycle occurs within the a. thylakoids. b. stroma. c. mitochondria. d. cytoplasm. e. stomata.
b. stroma.
In the C4 pathway, the first stable intermediate is a. RuBP. b. PGA. c. oxaloacetate. d. ATP. e. water.
c. oxaloacetate.
Which type of plant(s) is(are) adapted to hot, dry conditions? a. C3 b. C4 c. CAM d. C3 and CAM e. C4 and CAM
e. C4 and CAM
For 1.5 points extra credit, select the statement that is NOT true. a. Moths are attracted to white flowers because they show up at night. b. Flies are attracted to sweet-smelling red flowers. c. Birds are attracted to flowers with no odor because they
b. Flies are attracted to sweet-smelling red flowers.

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