Honors Chemistry: Review
Terms
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- name a binary ionic compound
-
-write name of first element
-if 1st has multiple oxidation levels-include roman numeral
-second element has end 'ide' - ternary ionic compounds
-
-contains three diff. elements
-usually polyatomic ion
-'ate' and 'ite' ending - molecular formulas
- represent kinds and #'s of atoms present in a molecule of a compund
- formula units
-
simplest whole--# of ratio ions in the compound
-a metal and non-metal - polyatomic ions
- three of more
- binary compounds
-
2 elements
-positive (cation) charge is written first - molecules
-
smallest electrcally neutral unit of a substance
-2 or more atoms - diatomic molecule
-
the 1-7 rule
-nitrogen to iodine - ions
-
atoms or groups that have poitive/negative charge
-caused by lossing or gaining an atom - cation
- positive
- anion
- negative
- ionic compound
-
compunds composed of cations and anions
-metal and nonmetal - alkali metals
- group 1A
- alkaline earth metals
- group 2A
- transition metals
- group 3-12
- nonmetals
- upper right corner
- halogens
- group 17A
- metalloids
- share side with stair steps
- Ammonium
- NH âºâ‚„
- Hydronium
- H ₃O ⺠or H âº
- Nitrate
- NOâ»â‚ƒ
- Hydroxide
- OH
- Hydrogen Carbonate
- HCOâ»â‚ƒ
- Carbonade
- COâ±â± ⻠₃
- Sulfate
- SOâ±â± â» â‚„
- Sulfite
- SOâ±â± ⻠₃
- Phosphate
- POâ±â±â±â» â‚„
- Cyanide
- CN ⁻
- mass-moles
-
mass(g)/total mass
12gH â‚‚O/9 18g H â‚‚O - m/c-mol
- m/c / 6,02 * 10^23
- mol-m/c
- mol * 6.02*10^23
- mol-Liters
- mol*22.4
- Liter-mol
- liter/ 22.4
- % of comparison
-
H â‚‚O =18g
%H 2/18 * 100 =11.1
%O 16/18 * 100 =88.9 - Empirical form
- take % and / by atomic weight
- avocadro's number
- 6.02*10^23
- net ionic equations
-
1-break down
2-get rid of spectators
3-balance - synthesis(conbination)
- A+B=AB
- decomposition
- AB=A+B
- Single Replacement
- element+compound=element+compound
- Double Replacement
- compound+compound=compound+compound
- combustion
- produce CO2 and H2O
- exothermic reaction
-
(candle)--reactants higher than products;
-rise is activation energy
-tip is activated complex
-relase is energy released - endothermic reaction
-
(sports ice pack)--reactants lower than products
-rise is activation level
-activation complew