Science Vocabulary Chapter 24
Terms
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- Chemical reaction
- a change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances
- Reactant
- the substances that react in a chemical reaction
- Product
- the new substances produced in a chemical reaction
- Chemical equation
- a way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and other symbols
- Coefficient
- represent the number of units of each substance taking part in a reaction
- Balanced chemical equation
- a chemical equation that has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation
- Synthesis reaction
- a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form another substance
- Decomposition reaction
- a reaction in which one substance breakes down, or decomposes, into two or more substances
- Single-displacement reaction
- when one element replaces another in a compound
- Double-displacement reaction
- the postive ion in one compound replaces the positive ion of the other to form two new compounds
- Precipitate
- an insoluble compound that comes out of solution during this type of reaction
- Exergonic reaction
- chemical reactions that release energy
- Exothermic reaction
- when the energy given off in a reaction is primarily in the form of heat
- Endergonic
- a chemical reaction that requires more energy to break bonds than is released when new ones are formed
- Endothermic
- when the energy needed to break the bonds is in the form of heat
- Catalyst
- a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself
- Inhibitor
- a substance that slows down a chemical reaction or prevents it from occuring by combining with a reactant