CNJ 382, Test #2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- A manager is
-
1. An administrator
2. Planner
3. Organizer
4. Director
5. Controlled - Editor's Responsibilities include
-
-Hiring and firing
-Givin promotions
-Making assignments
-Mediating Disputes
-Representing Staff To Upper Managment
-Resolving Problems
-Assigning Resources - A good manager
-
Has Foresight
Is a Leader
Communicates well
Empowers the staff
Watches out for Burnouts
Apologizes for Mistakes
Celebrates Success - A bad manager
-
Is out of touch
Misuses power
Doesn't accept or encourage change
Doesn't empower others - Leader types
-
The dictator
The Ditherer(Can't make decisions, no real leadership skils, goals or growth
-The people's friend (doesn't want to make controversial decisions) - Practical skills and knowledge
-
-Know employment laws
-Legally responsible for the entire content of the mag - Practical responsibilities
-
-Attending/calling meetings
-Long-term planning
-Delegating responsibilities and tasks
-Making decisions
-negotiating
-managing time/being organized
-judging the skills and abilities of others -
What is one of the advantages that mags have over NP's?
Why do they have these advantages? -
-ability to better reproduce the images and visual elements
-Planning time
-Paper quality
-Strategy - What does the design of a mag do for the mag?
-
-Like stories and titles design needs to be thought through because it helps est. the feel of your mag
-Helps est. a heirarchy / defines what's most important in a story
-can tremendously affect readership and circulation - Who makes up an art staff? and what do they do?
-
Art director
Assistant AD: Responsible, under th ed. for the overall look of the mag
Photo ed.: chooses and plans the photography that will appear in the mag; must have an eye for aesthetics and know how to unite pics and wds.
-photographers
-illustrators - How do you assess a photo?
-
-does it have impact
-the right tone
-the colors right
-is the photo representative of the person/subject now
-is the qulity of the photo good enough
-is the right person or subject in the photo -
what are two examples of stock photo sites?
-what does price depend on?
-what are two of the resp. that come with orig. photography? -
-masterfile.com and corbis.com
-the mags circulation and how the photo/illustration will be used (cover use will cost more that inside use)
-model release form (states what the rights of the model, photographer and publication are) and photo shoots (costly and complicated) - -when are illustrations a good option?
-
-no photo is available (court cases ex.)
-A photo could be impractical
-There may be nothing to photograph(too abstract) -
What are Information Graphics?
If there is not understanding with freelancers what happens to the copyright? -
visuals used to relay info and/or explain data; they can sometimes explain complex issues more easily and quickly than words
-unless otherwise stated the image created belongs to the "creator" and he/she can resell it and use it as they wish -
What is/are...
-Spread
-Body text/body copy
-pull quotes -
--2 facing pages
-the text making up the bulk of the story
-quotes that are taken out of the story and placed in larger font for emphasis -
-Justify or flush left/ ragged right
-justify of flush right
-ragged -
-the text lines up evenly on the left hand side of the column
-harder to rd. the text lines up evenly on the right hand side of the column
-when the copy does not line up evenly
- -
-justified column
-font
-Type size -
-everything lines up evenly on the left and right; neater usually its a more rigid look used for the personality of the mag
-design and style of a particular type
-size of the type being used; measured in points (usually use 9 or 10) - Rules of thumb for setting type
-
-Don't use more than two type faces on a page
-don't set type wider than 2 alphabets wide of about 42 characters
-don't set body copy in italics, bold font, script or novelty font because its difficult to read
-never set body copy in all caps
-don't justify narrow columns
-avoid expanding or condensing typefaces too much
-avoid widows and orphans
-don't indent the first line of the first paragraph
-Avoid ending a right-hand page at the end of a paragraph
-avoid "rivers" which are created when one column is a wider measure has different type or is justified differently
-Maintain good contrast between type color and background color
-use contrast in typefaces and design to add interest -
What are widows?
What are orphans? -
-Left behind by itself
-or pushed forward by itself - What does the cover do?
-
-Sells
-carries the brand value
-showcases the content
-spirit -
what is a poster cover?
What is in the cover's content? -
-A cover with an image but no type
-Cover art, cover lines, bar code, price, date, and logo - What should a cover story have?
-
-enough general appeal to attract a wide variety of the mag's readers
-importance
-substantial lenghth
-should have promotability (must be timely and relevant)
-should be timely
-needs to be suprising
-sex sells (so does food) -
Esquire ex. Then and now
Fortune ex. Then and now
Good housekeeping ex. Then and now -
Esq.
Then: 1955, pondering nation's transportation w/ whimsical illustration
NOw: Hilary Swank in her underwear
Fortune
Then: In 1929, No cover lines beautiful illustration
Now: Rich white guys on the cover
Good Housekeeping
1917: Good illustrations
Now: celebrity tips and lots of coverlines - Cover Art rules of thumb
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IN GENERAL:
photos work better than illustrations
-photos with the people work better than without
-women sell better than men
-one face is better than 2 and 2 is better than a group
-people who are instantly reconizabel are best
-images should appear fun and engaging
-a photo of something specific works better than an abstract photo/ photo open to interpretation
-Photo showing actions work better -
3 meter distance rule
What does color help define -
A cover image and coverlines must work from 3 meters away
personality, mood and tone -
Teen People color
Business Week color -
-avoids neutral hues,
bright hot colors work best
Hot pinks and bright blues
-prefers reds blacks and yellows
avoids browns -
COVERS THAT WORKED
Men's Health
Cosmo
US Weekly
Oprah
Teen People -
-MH:
ode to 9-11
first time they didn't use a model on their cover but a real marine
Top cover line sell both sex and health
-C:
Color was luring (orange)
Model is seductive
Clothes are intriguing readers loved the bandana top
Cover lines prompt the reader to action
Had an 81% sell through
US:
Fusia and yellow
Came out at the same time as Justin's Cry me a River
Conflict was played up in the cover line
-Oprah
Bright green
Exclusivity (Michael J. Fox Interview)
Promises to reveal secrets of happpy couples
Prmises to help you change for the better
-Teen People: Josh hartnett
Timing: featured a hot, rising star - familiar but not overexposed
Sexy image
first between image and their cover -
What Main purpose do cover lines serve?
How many cover lines are most common?
Is there a limit or formula to how long coverlines should be?
What do most mags and readers prefer in cover lines? -
-tempt the reader to pick up the mag
-4 to 5 cover lines
-No ex. Forbes uses 10 wds and Women's Day uses 4
-Short and puncy cl's cause they only have about three seconds to capture the reader -
What is poly bagging
What are 3 tips to writing effective cover lines? -
-Plastic covers
-Use active not passive voice
-quotes imply access
-numbers work, usually the odder the numbers the better - Writing Effective CL's Cont.
-
-Go straight to the angle of the story
-Pick what is most interestig about the story
-Be concise
-make it perfectly clear
-long isn't always bad - Cover Line Types
-
-Labels: contain no verb and make no particular statement (ex. new breast cancer cures)
-Statements: Tells the reader something special (10 ways to beat the tax hike)
-Question
-Quote - What is are very important aspects of a cover line?
-
Immediacy (have better sex v. have better sex tonight)
-Speceficity (Get fit v. Lose your gut)
-Transparency: very clear what the message is
-Avoid generational lapses (ex. The crying game as a headline on crying babies would only work in a 40 + crowd)
-Avoid questions - Should one avoid questions? Why/Why not?
-
yes:
-They tend to be too long
-short declarative sentences are more authoritative
-If you do use a question the answer can't be obvious -
What is a pocket pal?
What are the two type process?
Describe each one -
-book that goes through the manufacturing process
-Four color process:4 different plates; each plate a diff. color; relates to type because if you use this you could lose legbility of your product if its small type
-PMS color: straight color put on after doing the four color process; could be done inline -
What is a finish?
Name five different types -
-coating that goes on the outside of the magazine cover to five an effect or protect it
- 1. acquiesce (to protect it)
2. UV
3. Dull
4. Shiny
5. Matte - Name to different ways of applying a finish
-
1. Inline: as the paper goes through the press the finish is done
2. offline: finish is done off the press -
Why does size matter?
What are two different types of presses -
Regular sizes are more cost effective
1. Sheetfed: large sheets of paper are fed through the press
2. Web Press: huge rolls of paper on a big spindel that go through these units - Why does quantity matter?
- If quantity is over 10,000 it has to go to a web press
-
What can these different Web presses do?
1/2 web
Single web
Double Web
Wide Web -
-1/2: can do 4 and 8 pages
-single: done in page of 16
-double: double of 8, 16, 32, or 48
-wide: roll sizes up to 58 - What is Makeready?
- When the publisher gets the press ready for your product
- In a 32 page product how many makereadies do you have in a double web?
- -16
-
What is controlled circulation?
What are two different types of binding? -
-goes to only a certain list of people
-
1. Saddle stiched (stapled)
2. Perfectly bound (nee at leat 1/8 of an inch for this) - What are two different types of colors to use?
-
Four colors (made up of tiny dots; black, cyan, magenta and yellow)
Spot color (no plates; usually used for more brilliant colors that can't be mimicked by 4 colors. These are solid colors) -
Self cover
How many grades of paper are there?
What is ground wood?
Coated Stock?
Dull stock? -
- if the weight of the cover is the same as that of the inside pages
-5 (time mag is probably printed at grade 5)
-anything below a grade 3 paper
-Time mag
-not coated - What elements does the editor use to attract the reader to the content of the mag?
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-Title
-Subtitle
-Photo, art wk
-blurbs
-typography
-Graphic devices: bars, bullets, borders, caps, initials - How do you plan the issue?
-
1. Plan the planning meeting
2. give everyone who will be at the plannign meeting a copy of the inventory list so they can come prepared
3. at the meeting provide a dummy issue, discuss the inventory and what should go in the issue - what is the CONSTAT WORRY
- -that there isn't enough material to make an issue
- What is the editorial mix of a magazine?
- the variety and types of content that goes in to each issue
- What does a typical ed. mix look like?
-
-Cover story
-Profile
-A light story
-How to
-Mag's Usual Departments
-Photo feature - What is TIME's ed. mix like?
-
-1 to 3pieces on significant people/events in the U.S.
-1 to 3 pieces on significatn people/ events outside the U.S.
-Business Story
-Scenic story
-culture entertainment
-Magazine's reg. departments -
Does the ed. mix say something about the mag's personality?
What is Scheduling the book? -
-Yes
-When the staff decides which stories will go in which issues - What is a common pitfall when scheduling the book? What can this lead to?
-
-editors have a tendency of scheduling the best story they've seen lately and this may:
-not work with the ed. mix
-can lead to stale inventory
-can delete good stories frin subsequent issues - What are important factors to consider when scheduling the book?
-
-Should be careful to include stories that must be in because of
-timeliness
-urgency
-seasonality
-or because the are part of the mag's standard ingredients - When selecting the pieces what are some more things to consider regarding ed. mix?
-
-Variety of subject
-Variety of lengths
-Variety of tone
-Variety of openers
-Use of art and photos
-Promotability - What are some graphic and spacial considerations that an ed. must keep in mind when scheduling?
-
-the center spread (if applicable)
-where the color pages fall (if applicable)
-the sequence of the stories
-competing displays - End to end makeup
- When a piece starts and continues on the following pages uninterrupted (except for ads) until the piece ends
- Jump
- When the story opens with a few pages and then jumps to the back of the book
-
Generally readers prefer End to end or jump?
___________ can give the mag a livelier look -
end to end
jumping -
Initial Scheduling of the book is _________
Events such as ________ and ________can change the mag's makeup -
tentative
News events and ad consideration - Ed. system must show everytime a piece is assigned
-
author's name
working titles
date assigned
due date
intended length
Piece's current status assignment editor
and art possibilities - Reading line
- the line of editors who read the story
- Who will make the final decision on whether to run the piece
- editor or senior editor
- What are editors looking for?
-
-clear angle
-An effective lead
-a clear peg or justifier
-Anecdotes and narratives
-Lively quotes, descriptive detail and specifics
-Logical organization
-Appropriate conclusion - What does an effective lead do?
-
-stop the perusing reader
-introduces the subject within the context of the angle
-and draws the reader into the pieces - Why do you need a clear peg or justifier?
-
-it tells the reader what is going on in the lead if it isn't obvious
-It establishes news worthiness/ relevance
--it hints at what is to come/ what the reader will learn by reading the piece - Best editors can ______the problem and know ________
- identify the problem and know what needs to be done to fix the story
-
When a story is rejected how is the writer usually notified?
Are they paid? -
phone or writing
Yes they are paid a kill fee - What must be done if the story is accepted?
-
-notify the author
-cut a check then or at publication
-make sure the story is transferred to inventory list and turnde into the copy editor and perhaps a fact checker -
Copy editor does...
story editor does..l. -
usually looks at basic grammatical elements of the story
looks for much larger problems - What three things do copy editors look for?
-
-misspelled words/misused words
-factual errors
-libelous statments - What three things will fact checkers confirm?
-
proper nouns
dates
and locations - What is the style manual that many publications use?
- Chicago manual of Style
- What is the first step to editing?
- -decide whether the story is being assigned ar is even worth writing about
- What decides why a story is being assigned/ is the story worth writing about?
-
-Timeliness
-magnitude
-proximity to the reader (geographic/psychological)
-Interest
-drama/conflict
-prominence
-unusual
-Important information -
Are all the news value elements important to np's as well?
Then what is the difference b/w a np and a mag? -
-Yes
-Often the difference is the approach to the story because mags usually can't break a news story the angle becomes extremely important - What are the different types of stories?
-
-how to article
-descriptive article
-personal experience article
-profile
-historical article
-analysis sotry
-issue story
-news article - What consists of the editorial mix?
-
-type of stories
-editorial value
-lead style
-topic/subject matter
-story length - What different formats can titles have?
-
-making shocking statments
-deliver warnings
-pose questions
-long or short
-poetic or straight forward
-be based on a pun or alliteration - What must a good/effective title be?
-
-eloquent
-provocative
-consistent witht he tone of the story
-concise description of the story
-connected to the subtitle and illustration - What are the biggest mistakes with titles?
-
-saying too little (not provocative)
-Titles that try to be mysterious (become misleading) - What are the steps to writing good effective titles?
-
-Look upon title writing as a challenge not a chore
-allow plenty of time
-know the story
-capture the message with few words on your computer
-capture the tone (on computer
-Create a selection
-When stumped try a whole new approach
-don't worry about lenth or space
-Edit and refine - What are things to avoid while writing titles>
-
-Gerund titles (they serve mostly as lables)
-Inside out titles(aren't clear till you read the story)
-Cuteness
-Giving everything away - A subtitle's job is to
- -elaborate on the title and give the reader more information about what is in the text
- What is a throwaway title?
- -title intended only to peak the readers curiosity, is appropriate for a light piece and it is crucial to have a good subtitle when using one of these
- Titles v. Subtitles
-
Titles: arent' complete sentences
s: are
T:use limited punctuation
S:use punctuation
T: Use single quote marks on quotes
S: same