Biology I 2
Terms
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- eukaryotic organisms that convert the sun’s energy into food through photosynthesis but that do not have roots, stems, or leaves
- algae
- the alternation of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction in certain plants and animals
- alternation of generations
- a reproductive structure that produces male sex cells in flowerless and seedless plants
- antheridium
- a cell or an organ that produces gametes
- gametangeium
- in alternation of generations, the phase in which gametes are formed; a haploid individual that produces gametes
- gametophyte
- a single-celled gametangium (female sex organ) in some algae and fungi
- oogonium
- the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms that float near the surface of marine or fresh water and that are the basic source of food in many aquatic ecosystems; examples include algae and cyanobacteria
- phytoplankton
- a small, protein structure that is found within the chloroplasts of algae and some liverworts and that plays a part in the synthesis of starch
- pyrenoid
- a specialized sac, case, capsule, or other structure that produces spores
- sporangium
- in plants and algae that have alternation of generations, the diploid individual or generation that produces haploid spores
- sporophyte
- the body type of an algae, fungus, or plant that is not differentiated into roots, stems, or leaves
- thallus
- a flagellated, motile spore produced by algae and some protozoans
- zoospore
- in some algae, a thick-walled protective structure that contains a zygote that resulted from the fusion of two gametes
- zygospore
- a gel-like base for culturing microbes; extracted from certain red algae
- agar
- a salt of alginic acid
- alginate
- the production of light by means of a chemical reaction in an organism
- bioluminescence
- a plant disease characterized by the browning of leaves, stems, and flowers
- blight
- the broad, flat portion of a typical leaf
- blade
- aquatic protists
- chytrid
- a substance that is found in the cell walls of red algae and that is used commercially as a smoothing agent in foods
- carageenan
- a unicellular alga that has a double shell that contains silica
- diatom
- a soft, fine, porous deposit that is composed mainly of the skeletons of diatoms
- diatonaceous earth
- unicellular algae that show both plant and animal-like characteristics
- euglenoid
- brown pigment in brown algae
- fucoxanthin
- a carbohydrate made by brown algae
- lamanarin
- a pigment in red algae that can absorb the wavelengths of extremely dim light, which allows red algae to exist in very deep water
- phycoblin
- a population explosion of certain marine dinoflagellates that causes the water to turn a red or red-brown color and to contain poisonous alkaloids produced by the dinoflagellates
- red tide
- stem-like portion of the alga
- stipe
- half of a diatom
- valve
- the multinucleate cytoplasm of a slime mold that is surrounded by a membrane and that moves as a mass
- plasmodium