Science; Ecology
Terms
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- SPECIES
- Organisms of the same kind that interbreed and produce live, fertile offspring
- COMMUNITY
- interacting plants, animals, and micro-organisms living in the same area. All the LIVING THINGS in an area.
- POPULATIONS
- group of individuals of the same species, in the same area which constitutes and interbreeding, reproducing group
- ECOSYSTEMS
- the biological community and the physical environment on which they depend
- BIOSPHERE
- zone of air, land, and water on the surface of the earth that is occupied by living things
- CLINE
- gradual variation in the group of organisms over a geographic range
- ECOLOGY
- the study of relationships between organisms and their Environment
- ALLOPATRIC SPECIES
- when parts of a species are spearated from each other (geographic isolation)
- SYMPATRIC SPECIES
- when members of a species are together (not separated)
- HYBRID
- offspring from groups that generally do not breed in nature
- TAXONOMY
- study of classifications of living things
- LINNAEUS
- a taxonomist who worked in a museum and classified organisms using the morphological definition of species
- MORPHOLOGICAL DEFINITION OF SPECIES
- grouping according to physical similarities
- DARWIN
- a naturalist who worked in the field studying plants and animals in their natural environment. His observations contributed to the biological definition of species.
- 2 PROBLEMS WITH A CLEAR DETERMINATION OF SPECIES IN NATURE
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Where to separate species in a cline. Example: the salamanders.
How can one predict (if a species is allopatric) whether it is one species or two. Example:Flickers - COMPARE/CONTRAST DARWIN'S CONCEPT OF SPECIES WITH (SPECIMEN) lINNAEUS'S
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Darwin: Species have variation; Species are changing. based on observations in the field, and behavior
Linnaeus: species have little variation(TYPE SPECIMEN); species are not changing. Based on physical characteristics observed in lab or museum. - TYPE SPECIMEN
- Used with the morphological definition ofspecies. Means a perfect example of a member of a species.