Ecology Unit 2 (8)
Terms
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Tundra
Abiotic -
long cold winter & cool short summer
short growing season
low precipitation
permafrost; nutrient poor soil -
Tundra
Biotic -
short vegetation
low annual primary productivity
low diversity -
Boreal Coniferous Forest
Abiotic -
cold winter & short, mild summer
humid: low precipitation & low evaporation
acid and infertile soil -
Boreal Coniferious Forest
Biotic -
low productivity, but active most of the year
continous litterfall; slow litter decomposition
low species diversity
little vertical stratification -
Deciduous Forest
Abiotic -
warm summer & cool to cold winter
fairly high precipitation well distributed -
Deciduous Forest
Biotic -
active only portion of the year
litterfall seasonal and massive; rapid litter decomposition
high turnover of nutrients
vertical stratification -
Grassland
Abiotic -
variable annual precipitation
P/E 0.2-0.8
periodic drought
rolling to flat terrain -
Grassland
Biotic -
adapted to fire and grazing; often maintained by fire
grazing and burrowing animals -
Desert
Abiotic -
low annual precipitation
infrequent large rainfall events
P/E ratio < 0.2
wide temperature fluctuation -
Desert
Biotic -
ephemerals
succulents & phreatophytes -
Southeastern Evergreen Forest
Abiotic -
hot summer & mild winter
long growing season
high fire frequency -
Southeastern Evergreen Forest
Biotic -
many fire dependent communities
many fire adapted tree species