Lecture 7: Control of eating
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- What was the problem with the staple stomach way to reduce stomach size and intake? (used to treat morbidly obese)
- staples could pop b/c stomach stretched to limit--> leaves a hole leading inner sanctuary to outside world. could lead to an infection
- Ok so if this wasn't so how, talk about the gastric balloon attempt.
-
ehh..this works well for a couple months--makes you feel full
PROBLEM: GI tract will adapt to the balloon by growing-->so they have to inflate balloon more or put in a new one. these only work for 3 months. - What in the stomach stimulates the brain when the stomach stretches?
- vagas nerve
- OKKK then what about gastric banding?
-
put a band around stomach constricts stomach and decreases intake (cant expand as much)
PROBL stomach grows: better, but still flawed - What are the problems with GI surgeries?
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1) malabsorptive operations are most effective BUT carry greater riske for nutritional deficiencies.
-nausea most common effect
-high risks of osteoperosis and bone disease
-absorption of fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K are impaired
-dumping syndrome
(causes nausea, weakness, sweating, faintness, and diarrhea after eating)
2) rapid weight loss causes gall stones b/c if decrease intake you decrease signal to gallbladder to release bile to intestinal lumen. so bile just sits there
NOT SMARTEST WAY TO COPE WITH OBEISITY - what's the most sophisticated way to lose weight
- reciever stimulates vagus and makes u feel full
- Gastric surgery should be used only for morbidly obese, but is this permanent?
- yes
- avg weight loss is around
- 15%
- Theories of why we eat: Describe the Blood glucose hypothesis
- when the difference b/w blood-glucose levels in veins and arteries is low, then we get hungry.
- What is the problem with this blood glucose hypothesis?
- 1)diabetes (high blookd glucose but theyre still hungry
- What's a solution to this problem?
- Glucostatic theory--glucose utilization-whether or not glucose is getting into the cell or not (thats why diabetics are hungry lots)
- What's the problem with the glucostatic hypothesis?
- anticipation of eating releases insulin which leads to increase of utilization of glucose so this should make you satiated before even beginning a meal but this obviously doenst happen
- Where do most scientists look to explain why we eat?
- brain (hypotalamus): VMH and LH
- What does lesioning (zapping) and stimulations of the VMH lead to?
-
lesions- overeating and obesity
stimulations- anorexia, wasting - LH
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lesions: anorexia and wasting
stimulations: overeating and obesity
VMH AND LH PLAY LARGE ROLE IN LOTS OF THINGS