Earthquake vocab
Terms
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- Rechter scale
- a scale that rates anearthquake's magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves
- surface waves
- a tpye of seismic wave that forms when P waves + S waves reach Earth's surface
- compression
- stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
- aftershock
- an earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area
- reverse fault
- a type of fualt where the hanging wall slides upward ; caused by compression in the crust
- stress
- a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume
- magnitude
- the measurement of an earthquake's strengh based on seismic waves + movement along faults
- base isolated building
- a building mounted on bearings designed to absorb the energy of an earthquake
- tsunamis
- a large wave produced by an earthquake an th ocean floor
- shearing
- stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions in a sideways movement
- friction
- the force that opposes the motion of 1 surface as it moves across another surface
- hanging wall
- the block of rock that forms the upper half of a fault
- tension
- stress that streches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
- syncline
- a downward fold in rock formed by compression in the Earth's crust
- strike slip fault
- a type of fault in which rocks on either side slip past each other
- S waves
- a type of seismic wave that moves the ground up + down or side to side
- earthquake
- the shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface
- seismogram
- the record of an earthquale's seismic waves produced by a seismograph
- focus
- the point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks nder stress + causes an earthquakes
- foot wall
- the block of rock that the lower half of a fault
- moment magnitude scale
- a scale that rates earthquake's by estimating the total energy by an earthquake
- P waves
- a type of seismic wave that compresses + expands
- Mercalli scale
- a scale that rates earthquakes according to their intensity + how muchdamage they cause at a particular place
- siesmograph
- a record of an earthquake's seismic waves produced by a seismograph
- plateau
- a large area of flat land elevated hogh above sea level
- epicenter
- the point on earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus
- liquefaction
- te process by which an eathquake's violent movement suddenly turns loose soil into liquid mud
- anticline
- an upward fold in the rock formed by compression of Earth's crust
- normal fault
- a type pf fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in crust