Geology: Intro to Earthquakes
Terms
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- What is the name of the seismic phase that travels as a P-wave through the earth's mantle, outer core, and through the mantle once again?
- PKP
- What year did the Loma Prieta Earthquake happen?
- 1989
- As the distance to an earthquake increases, __________.
- the elapsed time before the S waves arrive increases
- What type of seismic waves are S waves?
- shear waves
- How do rock particles move during the passage of an S wave through the rock?
- back and forth at right angles to the direction of wave travel
- Which of the following types of seismic waves are the slowest?
- surface waves
- Which of the following types of waves is a compressional sound wave?
- P wave
- Which of the following correctly lists the order in which seismic waves arrive at a seismograph station?
- P waves → S waves → surface waves
- Which of the following types of seismic waves arrive at a seismograph first?
- P waves
- At what type of plate boundary do the deepest earthquakes occur?
- subduction zones
- New lithosphere is created ____________.
- at mid-ocean ridges
- Which of the following mountain ranges formed as a result of ocean-continent convergence?
- the Andes
- Which of the following is a ridge plate boundary?
- the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
- What type of plate boundary is parallel to the direction of plate movement?
- transform plate boundaries
- Which of the following is associated with a ridge (MOR) plate boundary?
- earthquakes, volcanism and rifting
- Earthquakes that originate at depths greater than 100 km are associated with ______ plate boundaries.
- convergent
- If an earthquake occurred in Seattle, Washington, how long would it take for the first seismic waves to arrive at a seismograph station in Miami, Florida, approximately 5000 kilometers away?
- about 8 minutes
- Where is new lithosphere created?
- ridge plate boundaries
- When was the theory of plate tectonics developed?
- 1960s
- Which type(s) of plate boundaries indicate(s) the direction of relative plate motions?
- transform fault boundaries
- Shallow earthquakes, less than 20 km deep, are associated with ___________.
- convergent plate boundaries, divergent plate boundaries, and transform plate boundaries