earthquake vobab
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Terms
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- folds
- a bend in a rock
- surface waves
- wave that forms when p and s waves reach the surface
- tension
- stress that stretches a rock so its thinner in the middle
- antcline
- upward fold
- richter scale
- scale measured by mechanical seismographs
- epicenter
- foint on earth's surface directly above the focus
- tsunami
- giant wave cause by an earthquake on the ocean floor
- p waves
- a seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground
- footwall
- forms the lower of a fault
- s waves
- seismic wave that moves up and down or side to side
- moment magnitude scale
- scale that estimates the total energy released by and earthquake
- aftershock
- earthwauke that occurs after a larger earhtquake in the same area
- fault
- a break or crack in earths crust
- reverse fault
- a fault whre the hanging wall slides downward, cause by compression in the crust
- earthquake
- shaking of rock below earth's surface
- magnitude
- measurement of an earthquake's strength
- stress
- a force that changes a rocks shape or volume
- focus
- point beneath earth's surface where rock breaks caused by earthquakes
- seismic waves
- vibration that carrys energy released in an earthquake
- normal fault
- a fault whre the hanging wass lides downward caused by tension in the crust
- syncline
- downward fold
- fault-block mountain
- moutntain where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock
- base-isolated building
- a building mounted on bearings and absorbs energy of earthquakes
- shearing
- type of stress that pushes rock into opposite directions
- plateau
- landform elevated high above sea-level
- seismograph
- device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves
- mercalli scale
- rates earhtquakes according to their intensity and damage
- deformation
- a change in a rocks shape or volume
- hanging wall
- forms the upper half of a fault
- compression
- stress that squeezes a rock until it folds or breaks
- liquefaction
- process by which violent movement turns loose soil into liquid mud
- strike-slip fault
- a fault where rock moves past eachother sideways