Science Test Quiz
the quiz for the science test, from textbook because i lost my notebook (shhh)
Terms
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- fault-block mountains
- when normal faults uplift a block of rock
- seismic waves
- vibratiosn that travel through the earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
- surface waves
- P waves and S waves that have reached the surface
- Mercalli Scale
- a scale that rates earthquakes according to their intensity
- deformation
- any change in the volume of Earth's crust
- magnitude
- measurement of earthquake strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults
- earthquake
- the shaking and trembling that results from the movement beneath Earth's surface
- shearing
- stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions
- P waves
- earthquake waves that compress and expand the ground
- anticline
- a fold in rock that bends upward into an arch
- strike-slip fault
- rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little up or down motion
- stress
- a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume
- Moment Magnitude Scale
- a scale that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake
- syncline
- a fold in rock that bends downward to form a bowl
- reverse fault
- a fault where the blocks move past eachother in the opposite direction
- tension
- stress that pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
- folds
- bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens part of Earth's crust
- Richter Scale
- a rating of the size of seismic waves, measured by a mechanical seismograph
- S waves
- earthquake waves that vibrate side to side as well as up and down
- compression
- stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
- normal fault
- a fault where the hanging wall lies above the footwall
- plateau
- a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level
- fault
- a break in the crust where slabs of crust slip past each other